Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore expression level of alkaloid and its synthetase gene in Isatis indigotica upon Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin exposure. Our study verified grade of disease severity according to morphology. Moreover, histological, physiological, biochemical parameters have been collected together with transcriptomics and metabolomic analysis in Isatis indigotica after infection at time scale 0, 7, 14, 21 d. Results showed that: (1) After infect with P. brassicae, I. indigotica showed club roots grade in 0, 1, 3, and 5 respectively at 7, 14, 21 d, notably, cortical invasion occurred on 7 d. (2) Our study revealed when P. brassicae exposes lasting 14 d later, the level of soluble protein and malondialdehyde, along with superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase activity in I. indigotica increased significantly compared to control group at time depended manner. (3) A total of 161 alkaloids were detected in metabolomics, among those alkaloids, indoles were noticed as the most abundant form. There were 16, 17 and 39 discriminating metabolites have been spotted after infected with P. brassicae at 7, 14, 21 d, the most discriminating metabolites enriched at alkaloid and amino acid metabolism pathways. (4) Transcriptome analysis showed that there were 2 439, 256 and 6 437 genes expression alteration at 7, 14, 21 d compared to control, those differentially expressed genes enriched at 11 alkaloids related metabolism pathways. Markedly, expression level of 9 genes (encoding for enzymes thebaine synthase, tyrosine aminotransferase, indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase) were increased after infection at 7, 14, 21 d. Our results revealed the interaction between P. brassicae and I. indigotica. The effects of P. brassicae on indole alkaloids and enzymic genes expression laid ground for studying genes mediate club root resistance and alkaloid secondary metabolic pathways in I. indigotica.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-07-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Rhododendron capitatum and R. przewalskii are ornamental flowers and medicinal plants. The chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii have been sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform to explore the evolution features and genetic structure. After assembly and annotation, the chloroplast genome structure of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii were analyzed and compared with that of other Rhododendron plants. The results were as follows: (1) The chloroplast genomes of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii exhibit a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single copy region (105 990, 109 191 bp), a small single copy region (2 617, 2 606 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (45 825, 47 516 bp). And the two Rhododendron chloroplast genomes were 200 257 and 206 829 bp in length, respectively. (2) In addition, the 263 SSRs were detected in the chloroplast genome of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii, most of which had A/T base preference; the codons preferred ending in A/U. (3) The chloroplast genomes of Rhododendron species exhibit structure variation such as gene loss and genomic rearrangement. Our study enriches the genomic resources of Rhododendron plants and provides the theoretical basis for resource exploitation, genetic evolution, breeding, and phylogeny of R. capitatum and R. przewalskii.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-07-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to investigate the geographical origin of domestication of Amomum tsaoko, two hundreds and seventy-two individuals were sampled to represent 20 populations of A. tsaoko, and sixty-two individuals of 5 populations of A. paratsao-ko were sampled as a related species materials. For acquiring genetic diversity informations, the sequence variations of their cpDNA were carried out. The results showed that we detected 7 haplotypes by the combined sequences, i.e. 3 haplotypes (H1, H2 and H3) were found in A. tsaoko populations, and 6 haplotypes (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 and H7) were found in A. paratsao-ko populations. 2 haplotypes (H1 and H3) were shared by the two species. H1 was common haplotype, H2 was ancestral haplotype and H6 was specific haplotype to A. tsaoko, while H2, H4, H5 and H7 were specific to A. paratsao-ko. The genetic diversity of A. tsaoko was lower than that of A. paratsao-ko and mainly existed within populations. The genetic diversity of A. paratsao-ko mainly existed among different populations. The genetic diversity and the haplotype diversity (Hd) of the two populations (TC and YP) were all higher than other 18 populations of A. tsaoko. Further analyses indicated that the domesticated region of A. tsaoko would include Maguan, Xichou and Malipo, where at the front area of southeast Yunnan, and the area near Napo, Guangxi. Malipo would be the core domestication of A. tsaoko in the region, then the related area would expand to Xichou, Maguan, Pingbian and Napo. TC, YP and XH populations were proposed to protect their genetic diversity. The results of the two species were expected to provide genetic information and theoretical reference for protection and utilization of the germplasm resources.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：近年来，牛奶质量安全问题频发，已严重威胁到公共健康。因此，牛奶质量安全成为国际关注的重点。当牛奶中残留兽药时，会对消费者造成不良的影响。本文从牛奶中兽药检测技术的原理和优缺点出发，对牛奶中兽药残留的检测技术进行了较全面的综述，并对牛奶中兽药残留检测技术在未来的发展方向作了展望。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：农作物秸秆作为一种资源丰富、来源广泛的生物质资源，在畜牧业和生物能源产业应用潜力巨大。但由于其复杂的化学组成以及抗性结构，使其不能直接高效地通过生物转化所利用。通过预处理可以降低秸秆纤维素的结晶度，提高秸秆的利用率。然而预处理过程不可避免地使秸秆在高温或化学催化作用下过度降解，并伴随着副产物的产生，对后续微生物发酵有抑制作用。本文综述了秸秆的稀酸、碱、蒸汽爆破以及生物预处理技术的研究进展，并对预处理副产物呋喃类衍生物、弱酸类和酚类化合物的产生与抑制机理作一综述。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平苜蓿黄酮对28~70日龄扬州鹅生长性能、器官发育和血清生化指标的影响。选取240只21日龄健康、体重相近的扬州鹅公鹅，随机分为4个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鹅。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组）分别饲喂添加150、300和450 mg/kg苜蓿黄酮的试验饲粮。预试期7 d，正试期42 d。结果表明：1）Ⅱ组的末重和平均日采食量显著高于其他3组（P0.05）。2）对照组和各试验组间的宰前活重、屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛重、半净膛率、全净膛重、全净膛率、腿肌重和腿肌率差异不显著（P>0.05）；各试验组的胸肌重和胸肌率均显著高于对照组（P0.05）；各试验组的脾脏重显著高于对照组（P0.05）；Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性高于Ⅰ组和对照组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性高于对照组和Ⅲ组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述，苜蓿黄酮的添加能够提高扬州鹅的生长性能、器官发育和血清生化指标，其中添加300 mg/kg苜蓿黄酮的效果最好。
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