Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-03-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To promote the restoration and reconstruction of ecosystem in the water-land ecotone, based on typical sample investigation, the variation patterns of vegetation species composition and diversity, and soil nutrients under different vegetation types were studied using Pearson correlation coefficient method and redundancy analysis method. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant differences in plant community structure and species diversity of different vegetation types (gravel zone, grass zone, shrub-grass zone, trees zone). As the submersed duration decreased, the water-land ecotone gradually evolved from scattered herbaceous plant communities to grass, shrub, and tree plant communities, and the α diversity of vegetation species (Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index and Simpson index ) and vegetation coverage showed a gradually increasing trend, which were lowest value on the gravel zone and the highest on the trees zone. (2) There were significant differences in soil nutrient content among different vegetation types. With the decreased of submersed duration, soil organic matter content gradually increased, while soil water content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, the maximum values of these nutrients mostly occurred in shrub-grass zone or trees zone, followed by grass zone, and gravel zone was the lowest. (3) Correlation and redundancy analysis showed that soil available nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and organic matter were significantly positively correlated with various indicators of vegetation species α diversity, among which soil available nitrogen and available potassium had the strongest correlation with vegetation species diversity. In conclusion: different vegetation types in the Lijiang water-land ecotone have heterogeneous patterns of vegetation species composition and diversity as well as soil nutrients. Moderate submergence is beneficial for vegetation community aggregation and promoting soil nutrient accumulation. Herbaceous plants have stronger adaptability to moderate submergence environments. During the ecological restoration process of the Lijiang water-land ecotone, it is necessary to design restoration plans for different vegetation types and fully consider the relationship between vegetation species diversity and soil available nutrients.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to explore the effect of enzyme activities of plant root exudates on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and nutrients in a karst ecosystem, the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (βG), β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and acidic phosphatase (ACP) of fine root exudates and rhizosphere soils in four vegetation restoration stages, which are shrub-grassland, shrubland, shrub-arbor forest and arbor forest, were measured. And, their relationships were also analyzed. The results showed that the four enzyme activities of rhizosphere soils and root exudates were significantly higher in the late stage of vegetation restoration than in the early stage of vegetation restoration. The enzyme activities C:P to N:P ratios of root exudates in arbor forest were significantly higher than those of other three stages, while the two parameters of rhizosphere soils were opposite. Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activities of root exudates were positively correlated with the corresponding soil enzyme activity. Compared with the enzyme activities of root exudates, the correlation between soil enzyme activity and related nutrients had become significantly stronger. In addition, the activities of βG, NAG and LAP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in rhizosphere soil, while the activity of ACP in rhizosphere soils and root exudates were positively correlated with available phosphorus (AP) in rhizosphere soil. The above results indicated that vegetation restoration had a positive effect on increasing activities of root exudates and soils. The enzymes of root exudates were the indispensable supplement for soils, and it played an important role in promoting carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient cycling. It will be that the regulation of root exudates and its enzyme activities may provide a new perspective for vegetation restoration in karst ecosystem.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Type specimen is the original specimen from which a new species description is created, and is very important to stabilize the scientific name of the species. Corydalis DC. (tribe Corydaleae, subfamily Fumarioideae, Papaveraceae) was recognized as one of the largest and most taxonomically challenging genera in the world. In this study, the species list of Corydalis from China (526 species) was firstly obtained. Of them, a total of 1 894 type specimens from 395 species were obtained by searching the JSTOR, GBIF and CVH databases. Then some key information, such as the resource type, herbarium, collector, type locality and collection date, were retrieved and analyzed. Our results showed that there are about five type specimens of Corydalis in average. These specimens were preserved in the 80 herbaria of abroad, and more than 85% of them were collected by foreign collectors. In the future, we should further focus on the normalized arrangement and the procedure of digitization of type specimens of Corydalis.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-11-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：评估四种野菜的营养价值，为指导凉山彝族人民平衡膳食，合理营养提供参考，为科学开发和利用凉山的野菜资源提供理论依据，也为发展山地农业多样性提供参考。采用国家标准方法，对四川凉山彝族喜食的四种野菜，即楤木、牛口刺、紫花碎米荠、鞘柄菝葜进行氨基酸、脂肪、能量、维生素和矿物质等营养成分进行检测分析含量。四种野菜中至少含17种氨基酸，其中含7种人体必需氨基酸和多种药用氨基酸。四种野菜中，楤木中谷氨酸含量较高，为0.41%，鞘柄菝葜、紫花碎米荠和牛口刺中天门冬氨酸含量较高，分别为0.80%、0.33%和0.05%；牛口刺的必须氨基酸/氨基酸总量（EAA/TAA）及必须氨基酸/非必须氨基酸（EAA/NEAA）最高，分别为为34.44%和67.78%。与《中国食物成分表》上栽培根菜类和叶菜类的同类营养成分相比，紫花碎米荠的蛋白质含量较高，为3.26%，且富含多种维生素（VA、VB、VB2、VC、VE和β-胡萝卜素）。凉山彝人喜食这四种野菜与其营养需求、饮食习惯和文化息息相关。四种野菜具有高能量、 低钠、粗纤维含量较低、口感较好、富含矿物质元素（铜、铁、锌、锰和镁）的特点，有较高的营养价值和保健功效。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：研究碱法提取羊肚菌多糖的工艺条件并测定其抗氧化活性。以四川北川羊肚菌为原料，采用碱法提取羊肚菌多糖，利用苯酚-硫酸法对羊肚菌多糖得率进行测定，通过单因素探讨提取温度（70、80、90、100 ℃）、提取时间（2、4、6、8 h）、碱液浓度（0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 mol·L-1）、料液比（1∶15、1∶20、1∶25、1∶30 g·mL-1）对羊肚菌多糖得率的影响，采用正交实验优化提取工艺，并对其抗氧化活性进行测定。结果表明，在提取温度 90 ℃、提取时间 5 h、碱液浓度 0.7 mol·L-1、料液比 1∶20g·mL-1 条件下得到的羊肚菌多糖的得率为 5.39%。羊肚菌多糖具有较强的清除 DPPH 自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子的能力和较好的还原能力，其 IC50 分别为 0.468，0.208，0.022，0.014 mg·mL-1，抗氧化能力依次为还原能力＞超氧阴离子清除能力＞羟自由基清除能力＞DPPH 自由基清除能力。优化后的羊肚菌多糖提取工艺合理、可行，且羊肚菌多糖具有较强的抗氧化活性。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加维生素E（VE）和硒（Se）对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及血清生化指标的影响。选取60只70日龄、平均体重为（1 030.64±85.50） g的健康雄性短毛黑水貂，随机分成4组，每组15个重复，每个重复1只，分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮＋200 mg/kg VE（以DL-α-生育酚乙酸酯为VE源，含量为50%）（VE组）、基础饲粮＋0.2 mg/kg Se（以甘氨酸纳米硒为Se源，含量为1%）（Se组），基础饲粮＋200 mg/kg VE＋0.2 mg/kg Se（VE+Se组）。试验从2017年7月14日开始，至2017年9月14日结束。结果显示：1）与对照组相比，VE组和VE+Se组水貂平均日增重显著增加而料重比显著下降（P0.05）。3）VE+Se组水貂血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著或极显著高于对照组（P0.05）；与对照组相比，饲粮单独添加VE或同时添加VE和Se极显著降低水貂血清活性氧（ROS）水平（P0.05）。与对照组相比，饲粮同时添加VE和Se显著提高水貂血清白介素-2（IL-2）水平（P<0.05）。综合考虑得出，本试验条件下，饲粮中同时添加200 mg/kg VE和0.2 mg/kg Se可促进育成期水貂生长，提高脂肪消化率，同时增强机体抗氧化能力及免疫力。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-07-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract： 食品安全一直是全世界公众健康的关注焦点。环介导等温扩增（Loop-mediated isothermal amplification，LAMP）技术是一种特异性强、灵敏度高、快速简便的等温核酸扩增技术，近年来在核酸检测领域有着广泛的研究和应用。将LAMP技术应用到食品安全检测领域，可以快速准确的监控一些食品安全问题对人类健康所构成的危害。因此针对LAMP技术在食品安全检测方面的优势进行分析，并结合LAMP技术与新兴诊断技术平台的联合运用进行了展望。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中苏氨酸水平对离乳前期梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。选择24只健康无病的3月龄雄性梅花鹿，随机分为4组，每组6只。4组仔鹿限量饲喂4种不同的饲粮，各组饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平均分别为0.87%、0.28%。其中，高蛋白质饲粮对照组（Ⅰ组）仔鹿饲喂蛋白质水平为16%的高蛋白质饲粮，低蛋白质饲粮试验组（Ⅱ～Ⅳ组）仔鹿饲喂蛋白质水平为14%并添加不同水平苏氨酸的低蛋白质饲粮，各组饲粮中苏氨酸水平分别为0.54%（Ⅰ组）、0.46%（Ⅱ组）、0.59%（Ⅲ组）、0.72%（Ⅳ组）。预试期为15 d，正试期为30 d。结果表明：1）高蛋白质饲粮对照组的平均日增重（ADG）极显著高于Ⅱ组（P＜0.01），与Ⅲ、Ⅳ组差异不显著(P＞0.05)；高蛋白质饲粮对照组的料重比（F/G）极显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P＜0.01），极显著低于Ⅱ组（P＜0.01）。2）高蛋白质饲粮对照组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著低于Ⅲ和Ⅳ组（P0.05)；高蛋白质饲粮对照组赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、酪氨酸表观消化率极显著低于Ⅲ组(P＜0.01)，缬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、丝氨酸表观消化率显著低于Ⅲ组（P0.05)。由此得出，低蛋白质饲粮中适宜水平的苏氨酸对离乳前期梅花鹿仔鹿的生长性能和营养物质消化利用具有促进作用；当饲粮赖氨酸、蛋氨酸水平相同时，饲喂蛋白质水平为14%、苏氨酸水平为0.59%的低蛋白质饲粮的梅花鹿仔鹿的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率均优于饲喂蛋白质水平为16%的高蛋白质饲粮的梅花鹿仔鹿。
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