Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-06-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPS) have been shown to improve the salt tolerance of plant due to the potential to eliminate free radicals and the anti-oxidation properties. However, the effects and mechanisms of seed priming with CeO2NPS on pepper plant are unclear. To reveal impacts of CeO2NPS seed priming on the germination and seedling growth of peeper plants under salt stress, using the Maoshu 360 variety of pepper（Capsicum annuum）as material, a total of 7 concentrations of treatments (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mmol· L-1) and a control of un-treatment were carried out to investigate effects of CeO2NPS seed priming on seed germination rate, biomass, and selected physiological and biochemical indexes under salt stress. The results were as follows: (1) In the seeds primed with 0.5 mmol · L-1 cerium oxide nanoparticles, reduced levels of the superoxide anion (O2 ·−), increased activity of protein synthesis, elevated level of proline as well as increased activity of catalase (CAT), elevated content of ascorbic acid (AsA) and ratio of AsA/DHA were observed. (2)There was no loss of viability for the seeds primed with cerium oxide nanoparticles. Indeed their germination rate and germination potential were enhanced under salt stress, and their germination index, and vigor index were improved under salt stress. (3) Under salt stress, seedlings from seeds primed with 0.4 mmol·L-1 cerium oxide nanoparticles shown the highest fresh weight, dry weight, and root length; additionally, soluble protein content, ascorbic acid (AsA) content and AsA/DHA ratio were also improved. In conclusion, seed priming with CeO2NPS could enhance seed germination under salt stress by decreasing seed water potential, accelerating storage substances metabolism and improving antioxidant capacity; also, seed priming with CeO2NPS could promote seedling growth through boosting protein synthesis and ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH).
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-06-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Castor root rot is a root disease caused by Fusarium solani, which seriously threatens the production of castor bean. Due to the lack of resistance genes, the breeding for root rot resistance in castor bean was seriously restricted. In order to mine resistant resources and establish resistant molecular markers, the phenotypic and molecular marker identification was performed on the disease resistance of 252 castor accessions in this study. The results were as follows: (1) Irrigating roots with the conidia suspension of 1×106 spores ∙ mL-1 was an effective inoculation method. The 5-grade evaluation method based on the days of wilt after inoculation could be used as the criteria to evaluate the resistant level of accessions objectively. (2) According to the criteria, the resistance of 252 accessions were divided into five grades from high to low, among which grade 1 was high resistance and grade 2 was moderate resistance. The number of accessions with different grades from 1 to 5 were 105, 25, 33, 31 and 58 respectively, accounting for 42%, 10%, 13%, 12% and 23% respectively. 130 resistant accessions were identified, of which 105 were high resistance and 25 were moderate resistance. (3) The proportion of resistant accessions in wild accessions (66%) was much higher than that in cultivated accessions (35%). Among wild accessions from South China, 69% were resistant accessions, and 60% were high resistance accessions. It is strongly suggested that the research and utilization of wild accessions, especially the wild accessions in South China, should be an important direction of resistance breeding in the future. (4) 8 SSR markers associated with the resistance were preliminarily established. Although different resistant accessions carried different marker or marker combination, most of them carried 3 to 4 of the above markers, therefore, they can be used as resistant molecular markers for assisted selection. The results of this study provide an effective method and evaluation criteria for root rot resistance identification, screen out a number of resistance genetic resources urgently needed in breeding, and preliminarily establish the SSR markers available for assisted selection, which lay an important foundation for resistance breeding of castor bean root rot.
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