Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Mangrove forests, characterized by high photosynthetic rates and low light compensation point, exhibit high Gross Primary Production (GPP), an important component of "blue carbon". Accurate estimation of regional GPP and quantification of its limiting factors are greatly significant for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals. In this paper, we estimated the GPP of mangrove ecosystems in Hainan Island from 2016 to 2020 based on the Mangrove Vegetation Photosynthesis Light Use Efficiency (MVP-LUE) model using Sentinel-2 imagery and environmental data; and we also explored the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of GPP and its driving mechanism. The results were as follows: (1) During the study period, the annual GPP of mangrove ecosystems on Hainan Island showed an increasing trend, with higher GPP in the eastern than western regions and northern than southern regions. The mangroves distributed over a large area in northeastern Hainan Island dominate the temporal variation patterns at the whole island scale. However, distinct differences exist in the temporal dynamics across different regions of the mangrove ecosystem in Hainan Island. (2) In terms of the formation mechanism, the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of GPP of mangrove ecosystems on Hainan Island was driven by a combination of multiple meteorological factors. Seasonally within each year, during the transition from the dry season to rainy season, GPP was higher due to lower limitation from air temperature (Tair), and the promoting effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and sea surface temperature; in the middle of the dry season, low Tair imposed a serious limitation on GPP, but this Tair limitation was weakened with decreasing latitude. In the rainy season, higher cloud cover resulted in PAR becoming a limiting factor for GPP. At the end of the paper, we discussed the uncertainties and limitations of MVP-LUE, and the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of mangrove ecosystem GPP not only be constrained by environmental factors, but species composition and forest age structure can also be driving factors. The results of this study provide basic data to assess the contribution of regional mangrove forests to the global carbon cycle, and theoretical support to reveal the key environmental factors affecting mangrove ecosystem carbon dynamics.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Vatica guangxiensis is a national first-class protected wild plant and extremely small populations wild plant. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and structural features of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings and adult trees. The Li-6400 portable photosynthesis measurement system analyzer and vacuum electron scanning microscope were utilized to investigate the differences between the photosynthetic capacity and leaf structure of leaves at different stages of growth and development. The results were as follows: (1) The right-angled hyperbolic modified model was the best model to fit the light response of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings and adult plants. (2) The maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax), light saturation point (LSP) and dark respiration rate (Rd) of adult leaves were significantly higher than those of seedlings, the light compensation point (LCP) of adult plants was lower than that of seedlings(P<0.05). (3) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoids in seedlings were significantly lower than in adult plants(P<0.05). (4) The stomatal long axis, stomatal organ area and stomatal density of adult plants were significantly higher than those of seedlings; the leaf area and specific leaf weight (SLW) of adult plants were significantly larger than seedling (P<0.05), and the specific leaf area (SLA) was smaller than seedling. In summary, Vatica guangxiensis exhibits photosynthetic characteristics of a shade-loving seedling and a sun-loving adult tree. The seedlings have weak light adaptation ability and light energy utilization, and are unable to photosynthesize sufficiently to meet their growth needs due to excessive shading by adult trees. This is a significant reason why seedlings are unable to grow into large trees. Therefore, for insitu conservation of Vatica guangxiensis, human interference can be used to artificially create ‘windows’ in the tree layer to provide sufficient light sources. This is conducive to the growth of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings into large trees and the renewal of the population. On the other hand, for the introductory cultivation of Vatica guangxiensis, the seedlings need to be appropriately shaded and transplanted to a certain degree of shade. During the initial cultivation process, it is important to provide appropriate shading for seedlings and transplant them to an environment with a suitable level of shade.
Subjects: Biology >> Other Disciplines of Biology submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《应用力学学报》
Abstract：
Due to the changes of modern lifestyles and the aging of the population,the incidence of spinal diseases has increased dramatically in recent years.Biomechanics research is an important part of the evaluation of spine related diseases.It is always an important means to explore the biomechanics of spine through modeling and simulation.At present,the combination of musculoskeletal model and finite element method has become a research hotspot in spinal biomechanics.Therefore,this paper investigates domestic and foreign articles that use the combination of musculoskeletal model and finite element method to explore spinal biomechanical characteristics,systematically describes the clinical application progress of this method in spine related diseases.And the paper summarizes the modeling method based on this method.It includes the setting of parameters such as loading method,Young’s modulus,Poisson’s ratio,and the application of this method in the evaluation of spine related diseases.The results show that based on musculoskeletal dynamics and finite element method,it provides a multi-scale evaluation method for exploring the stress,strain and IDP at the spinal tissue level during human body movement.However,this method currently has problems such as long model construction time,single research action and insufficient validation of model validity,which is the direction of future research in the field of spinal biomechanics.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The genetic diversity of species was a key factor in their adaptability and survival capabilities. Habitat fragmentation was recognized as one of the key factors leading to biodiversity loss, and it had significant impacts on the genetic diversity of plant populations. Hydrocera triflora was in a regional extinction state, and the status of its genetic diversity and endangered mechanisms had not been reported. In this study, 34 samples of H. triflora from 7 populations were used to obtain single nucleotide variation sites by restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). We discussed the mechanisms of endangerment of H. triflora by analyzing population genetic diversity and structure. Additionally, we combined these findings with historical population dynamics analysis and predictions of potential species distribution in different climate scenarios. The results were as follows: (1) H. triflora had low genetic diversity (Ho=0.1569, He=0.1654, Pi=0.1865) and low genetic differentiation; AMOVA analysis showed that genetic variation mainly occurred within populations; (2) The Mantel test indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between environmental distance and genetic distance, as well as geographical distance, with respective p-values of 0.0447 and 0.0082; (3) The effective population size of H. triflora had been continuously declining since the mid-Holocene. The eruption of the Qiongbei volcanic group and human activities played a significant role; (4) Compared to the modern climate, the total potential distribution area of H. triflora changed little in the future. However, in scenarios of high CO2 emissions, the highly suitable area decreased significantly, especially in the Malay Islands where the suitable habitat virtually disappeared. The results indicated that habitat fragmentation led to a continuous decline in the genetic diversity and effective population size of the H. triflora. Therefore, the low self-renewal capacity, as well as detrimental environmental conditions such as human disturbance and urbanization, were the primary factors contributing to its endangered status. On the one hand, it was recommended to strengthen the in-situ protection of the H. triflora, employing techniques such as artificial pollination to enhance gene flow among populations and thereby increase genetic diversity. On the other hand, we should focus on protecting wetlands from destruction.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Forests play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity, and their loss is often associated with regional biodiversity decline or loss. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global biodiversity by analyzing data on forest loss area, biodiversity integrity data, annual COVID-19 infection data (in 2020 and 2021), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in global biodiversity hotspots, using correlation analysis, linear mixed-effects model construction, and regression prediction. The results revealed although a significant negative correlation between the number of COVID-19 infections per million population and forest loss area, namely, the pandemic reduced forest loss due to large-scale urban and agricultural expansion, the total forest loss in global biodiversity hotspots continued to rise during the pandemic years (2020 and 2021), largely due to the indirect acceleration of logging activities in natural and artificial forests. The regression model predicted that the forest loss area in global biodiversity hotspots increased by 5.83% and 21.78% in 2020 and 2021, respectively, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, notwithstanding the COVID-19 pandemic's restraining effect on forest loss in biodiversity hotspots, the forest loss area still exhibits an upward trend.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The plant’s morphology and structure results from the joint action of itself and the external environment. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between the tree structure and leaf traits of Bombax ceiba Linnaeus, and explored the influence of topographic, soil, and meteorological elements on the growth of B. ceiba. It is of great significance to reveal the growth strategy and adaptation mechanism of B. ceiba. Therefore, we researched 230 B. ceiba trees in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province and measured six tree structure indexes, eight leaf traits indexes, and habitat elements of regional topographic, meteorology, and soil. The effects and explantation of habitat elements on the tree structure and leaf traits of B. ceiba were analyzed by structural equation model and variation decomposition. The results showed that: (1) There were correlations among the indices of tree structure and among the indices of leaf traits (P < 0.05). (2) The observed indices of habitat factors had a strong influence on the growth indices of B. ceiba leaves. The mean annual precipitation, slope and average temperature had a higher interpretation rate on the growth indices of B. ceiba leaves, and were habitat elements explained that tree structure and leaf traits were 43.5% and 12.3%, respectively, indicating that the response of tree structure to the habitat environment was greater than that of leaf traits to the environment. The results of this study preliminarily explores the adaptation strategies of different growth indexes to environmental factors of B. ceiba, which could provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the cultivation and propagation of B. ceiba in heterogeneous habitats and efficient management of Bombax ceiba Linnaeus plantation. the dominant habitat indices affecting the growth of B. ceiba. (3) According to the standardized path coefficient, the three habitat factors had the same effect on the tree structure and leaf traits of B. ceiba, and all of them were in the order of topographic elements＞meteorological elements＞soil elements. (4) The superposition of the three
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-06-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Except for Cymbidium lancifolium, all the Cymbidium species have been listed as national key protected wild plants, and the research of its future distribution patterns under the future climate would provide a reference and basis to protect this genus effectively. This paper gathered the distribution information of Cymbidium and 19 climatic factors, and used the Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) and Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) to predict the future distribution patterns of the Cymbidium in China and its 20 species. The future distribution patterns were predicted under nine different climate scenarios, including the current climate and eight future climate scenarios. We also analyzed the dominant climate factors affecting the distribution. The results were as follows: (1) The precipitation of the driest quarter (Bio17), annual precipitation (Bio12) and temperature seasonality (Bio04) are the dominant climate factors affecting the future distribution of Cymbidium. (2) The analysis of species-level shows that the suitable areas of different Cymbidium species have different change trends in the future scenario, and the dominant climate factors affecting them are also different. The suitable habitat area of eight Cymbidium species such as C. dayanum trends gradually increases, while the suitable habitat area of 12 Cymbidium species such as C. tracyanum decreases. In conclusion, this study can provide an important reference for in-situ and ex-situ conservation of Cymbidium, and has positive significance to the protection of Cymbidium and other endangered wild plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-08-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Excentrodendron tonkinensis is a constructive species of karst seasonal rainforest and an obligate karst plant, which is also one of the national secondary key protected wild plant and an IUCN endangered plant, with high economic and ecological value. However, there is still a lack of understanding of how the potential suitable areas of Excentrodendron tonkinensis change in the context of global change and its key driving factors, which affect the scientific protection and utilization of Excentrodendron tonkinensis.To assess the impacts of climate change on the extents of the habitat of Excentrodendron tonkinensis, we used the Maximum-entropy model to analyze the potential changes in the geographical distribution in China of future climate scenarios SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5), and tested the influence of the karst geological background distribution on predicting the suitable areas of karst obligate plants. The results show that: (1) in the case of adding karst geological background data, the average AUC of the prediction model for the suitable area is 0.997, which has a good prediction effect. And the model prediction results are strictly limited to the karst region, consistent with the characteristics of Excentrodendron tonkinensis which is karst obligate plant; (2) According to the fitting results of the model, the karst geological background, precipitation of warmest quarter(800-950 mm), and the min temperature of coldest month(7-11 ℃) are the key factors limiting the distribution of Excentrodendron tonkinensis; (3) with the increase of temperature in the future, the area of potential suitable areas for Excentrodendron tonkinensis would expand to higher latitudes karst areas. Large numbers of areas of stable habitats exist in parts of southwest Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan. These results suggest that the karst geological distribution is essential as predicting the potential geographic distribution of karst obligate plants such as Excentrodendron tonkinensis; if the temperature continues to rise in the future, its potential suitable areas will expand to high latitudes, and the degree of endangerment may be affected by climate, which means it is not obvious under the influence of climate changes; parts of southwestern Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan are suitable areas for the conservation and utilization of Excentrodendron tonkinensis under the climate changes in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-05-21 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Cenchrus spinifex is one of the invasive plant species in China, which seriously affects the animal husbandry of pastures and pastures in China. Therefore, the response of suitable distribution of C. spinifex to climate change under future climate change scenarios will provide important management basis and control measures for the prevention of invasive plants in China. Therefore, based on the MaxEnt model, this study used 103 geographical distribution data of C. spinifex and 19 climatic and environmental factors to analyze and predict the suitable distribution area of C. spinifex in China under two climate change scenarios of RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 in the 2050s and 2070s. The results showed that: (1) The current suitable distribution area of C. spinifex occupies 4.00% of the study area, which was mainly distributed in Northeast China borderline by Inner Mongolia, Jilin and Liaoning. (2) Under the two future climate change scenarios, the suitable distribution areas for each grade of C. spinifex will expand to a certain extent compared with the current one. Hereinto, the medium climatically suitable areas might increase by 38.26%. (3) Annual mean temperature, standard deviation of seasonal temperature variation, and precipitation in the wettest season are the main climatic factors affecting the distribution of C. spinifex. (4) In the future, the distribution centroid of C. spinifex will generally move westward. The above results indicate that the currently invaded areas of C. spinifex in China are far smaller than the potentially invaded areas, and it may further spread to the arid and semi-arid regions of my country. In order to prevent the harm caused by the widespread spread of C. spinifex in northern my country, we need to focus on its preventive measures and invasion situation in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-03-18 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In-depth exploration of the species abundance distribution (SAD) pattern of plant communities under different terrains in the subtropical karst area can reveal the mechanism of formation of the SAD of the community under different terrains, thereby enriching the theory of plant community construction in this area. In this paper, the arbor layer and shrub layer of plant communities under four typical landforms of ridge, trough, saddle and depression in Maolan karst area of Guizhou Province were used as the objects. The empirical cumulative distribution function(ECDF) was used to characterize the SAD, at the same time, the Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyze the differences in species abundance between different terrains. Then different ecological models were used for fitting, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) were used to detect model acceptance and goodness of fit. The results were as follows: (1) There were differences in the number of individuals and species in plant communities under different terranes, the number of individuals in saddles was the most, the number of species in depressions was the most, and the number of individuals and species in ridges was the least. (2) There were significant differences among shrub layers, between ridge and saddle, between ridge and depression, between saddle and trough valley, and between saddle and depression, while there were no significant differences in the SAD of arbor layers in plant communities under different terrains. (3) The SAD of the arbor layer under different terrains was well accepted by the neutral model. The ridge fits best, but all terrains were poorly accepted by ecological models, only the ridge and saddle passed through the two niche models, and the goodness of fit was not as good as that of the neutral model. The shrub layer was also well accepted by the neutral model with the best fit of the saddle, but it was poorly accepted by the niche model, and only the depression passed the broken stick model. Overall, the arbor layer was more acceptable to the two ecological models than the shrub layer, probably because the SAD of the arbor layer had more obvious imprints of ecological processes. However, the difference in the goodness of fit of the shrub layer under different terrains is greater, which may be related to the more drastic changes of the shrub layer species to the environment. Consequently, different terrains lead to different ecological processes of community construction, and the SAD pattern gradually adapts to the terrain.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-12-19 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Leaf chlorophyll content is central to carbon, water and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere, also to the terrestrial ecosystem function. Quantitative estimates of leaf chlorophyll content with hyperspectral imagery can provide scientific insight for assessing plant’s growth and stress as affected by abiotic and biotic factors. However, few studies have been conducted the application of spectral indices in estimation of leaf chlorophyll contents of plants in karst areas, especially in South China. After a review of the application of common spectral indices in estimation of leaf biochemistry parameters, we found that most of the common spectral indices were developed based on the difference, simple ratios, normalized difference and inverse difference formulation of leaf spectral reflectance. Therefore, we firstly measured the raw reflectance spectra of leaves from four typical karst species, namely Vitex negundo, Rhus chinensis, Celtis sinensis and Alchornea trewioides with a ASD Field Spec 4 (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, US) spectrometers. We then used the above-mentioned four formulations to process the raw reflectance spectra and their first-order derivative spectra. Finally, we analyzed the relation between leaf chlorophyll contents and relative leaf raw reflectance spectra and their first-order derivative spectra, and tried to propose the best spectral index for estimation leaf chlorophyll content of the plants of karst areas in South China. The results were as follows: (1) Among the common spectral indices, the modified normalized difference vegetation index (mND705) performed well in estimation leaf chlorophyll contents of four typical karst species in term of the determination coefficient (R2 was equal to 0.45) and root mean squared error (RMSE was equal to 0.26 mg•g-1). (2) However, most of the common spectral indices were not suitable for estimation leaf chlorophyll content of the plants in karst areas. Thought the prediction capability of fluorescence ratio index (FRI1) and chlorophyll absorption area index (CAAI) were almost the same in estimation of leaf chlorophyll content of plants in karst and non-karst areas, their accuracy of prediction was relative low according to the determination coefficient. (3) The spectral indices proposed in this study performed well in estimation leaf chlorophyll content of the plants in karst areas either based on the raw reflectance spectra or their first-order derivative spectra compared against others common spectral indices, especially for the difference spectral index based on the first-order derivative spectra (dD(760, 769)). Its determination coefficient was 0.71 and the root mean squared error was 0.19 mg•g-1. We, therefore proposed that the difference spectral index based on the first-order derivative spectra (dD(760, 769)) can be used for estimation leaf chlorophyll content of the plants in karst areas. Our results concluded that leaf chlorophyll content of plants in karst areas can be quickly and quantitatively estimated using spectral index combined with hyperspectral remote sensing data. These results can also provide scientific insights for estimating plants’ growth and their adaptation to environmental stress.
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Biology >> Other Disciplines of Biology submitted time 2021-08-11
Abstract： " " "
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-10-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：沙棘油有植物抗氧化、抗炎症及抗肿瘤多种药理作用。为了探讨沙棘果油对.H2O2造成氧化性损伤的细胞生长的影响及其抗氧化性，该研究选择了.H2O2 对.RAW264.7 细胞氧化损伤模型，首先通过.DPPH（1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼)自由基清除实验检测沙棘果油体外抗氧化能力;再用(3-(4，5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2，5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐)MTT 法和流式细胞仪检测超氧化物阴离子荧光探针（DHE）信号，分别检测不同浓度沙棘果油对.H2O2 损伤细胞的存活率和超氧化物阴离子水平。结果表明：(1)与维生素.C 的抗氧化能力相比，沙棘果油在.DPPH自由基清除实验中当沙棘果油浓度在小于.4.9%时，沙棘果油的抗氧化能力大于维生素.C； (2)MTT法发现，浓度3.125%的沙棘果油对H2O2损伤的细胞存活率显著升高（P<0.01）；(3)DHE检测发现，同一时间点，随着沙棘果油浓度增加，DHE阳性细胞比例显著下降（P<0.01），在不同检测时间随着沙棘果油浓度增加，DHE阳性细胞比例显著升高（P<0.01）。沙棘果油对过氧化氢诱导的RAW264.7细胞氧化损伤模型有一定修复作用，可能与细胞内超氧化物阴离子水平受到抑制有关，它具有抗氧化性损伤的潜能。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：利用最大墒模型(Maxent)和地理信息系统(ArcGIS 10.3)软件对中国木姜子属四种资源植物在我国当代、未来（2061—2080）气候条件下的潜在分布区进行预测，并对其适生区进行分析和划分。结果表明：山鸡椒（Litsea cubeba）适生区广泛分布在长江以南区域，在未来时段2061—2080年两种（RCP2.6、RCP8.5）二氧化碳浓度情景下适生区面积分别减少4.9%和0.5%；毛豹皮樟（Litsea coreana）适生区主要分布在中亚热带及北亚热带区域，分布相对偏北，其在未来2061—2080年两种二氧化碳浓度情景下适生区面积分别增加5.6%和4.5%；华南木姜子（Litsea greenmaniana）适生区主要分布在我国南亚热带区域；毛叶木姜子（Litsea mollis）适生区广泛分布在亚热带区域。这两种树种在未来气候RCP2.6情景下适生面积减少1.0%和3.3%，在RCP8.5情景下减少5.6%和8.3%。上述结果说明木姜子属不同种由于生态习性差异对未来的气候变化的响应不尽相同，对这些植物引种栽培须考虑气候变化的影响。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：生物多样性评估为区域可持续发展提供重要参考。为了评估云南省西双版纳森林植被乔木多样性的时间变化，通过样方调查收集了该地区 4 种主要森林植被（热带雨林、热带季节性湿润林、热带山地常绿阔叶林和暖热性针叶林）乔木多样性数据；结合遥感影像提取了该地区 4 种森林植被在 1992、2000、2009 和 2016 年 4 个时期的分布；用 Simpson，Shannon-Wiener 和 Scaling 物种多样性指数对比 4 种森林植被乔木均匀度差异；利用Scaling生态多样性指数和灰色关联评价模型，评估该地区在 4 个时期的森林乔木多样性的时间变化。结果表明：（1）森林面积比例变化有先减少后增加的趋势，表现为由 1992 年的 65.5%减少至 2000 年的 53.42%，减少到 2009 年的 52.49%，再增至 2016 年的 54.73%，但是热带雨林呈持续减少的趋势；（2）4 种森林植被对乔木多样性的贡献有明显差异，均匀度排序是热带雨林>热带山地（低山）常绿阔叶林>暖热性针叶林>热带季节性湿润林，丰富度排序是热带雨林>热带山地（低山）常绿阔叶林>热带季节性湿润林>暖热性针叶林，对乔木多样性贡献的排序是热带雨林>热带山地（低山）常绿阔叶林>热带季节性湿润林>暖热性针叶林；（3）热带雨林和热带季节性湿润林乔木多样性呈现持续减少趋势，4 个时期西双版纳森林植被乔木多样性排序为 1992 年>2009 年>2016 年>2000 年。研究表明，经济活动是影响西双版纳生物多样性的重要原因，保护热带雨林对维持该地区生物多样性具有重要意义。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验以脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞为炎症模型，旨在研究沙葱总黄酮的抗炎作用。应用CCK-8法筛选沙葱总黄酮对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活力具有促进作用的浓度，在此基础上设置对照组、LPS组（应激模型，1 μg/mL LPS）、沙葱总黄酮低剂量组（25 μg/mL沙葱总黄酮+1 μg/mL LPS）、沙葱总黄酮中剂量组（50 μg/mL沙葱总黄酮+1 μg/mL LPS）、沙葱总黄酮高剂量组（100 μg/mL沙葱总黄酮+1 μg/mL LPS）。用Griess法测定细胞上清液中一氧化氮（NO）含量；用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素（IL）-6、IL-1β、IL-10含量；用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法测定细胞中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-10、一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）mRNA表达量。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，沙葱总黄酮的添加浓度在25.0~100.0 μg/mL均能显著提高细胞增殖率（P<0.05）；2）与对照组相比，LPS组能显著提高细胞上清液NO的含量（P<0.05）；与LPS组相比，不同浓度沙葱总黄酮均能显著抑制NO的产生（P<0.05）；3）与对照组相比，LPS组的细胞上清液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-10含量以及细胞中基因表达量均显著提高（P<0.05）；与LPS组相比，除了低剂量组IL-1β外，25、50、100 μg/mL沙葱总黄酮浓度显著降低细胞上清液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β含量（P<0.05），除了低剂量组IL-10外，显著增加IL-10含量（P<0.05）；除了低剂量组iNOS外，25、50、100 μg/mL沙葱总黄酮浓度显著抑制细胞中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、iNOS mRNA的表达（P<0.05），有促进IL-10 mRNA表达的趋势，但差异不显著（P˃0.05）。综上，沙葱总黄酮对LPS诱导的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞具有显著的抗炎作用。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在实测不同来源小麦的肉鸭表观代谢能（AME），并利用近红外光谱分析技术（NIRS）构建其预测模型。选用1周龄的樱桃谷肉鸭410只，随机分为41个处理，每个处理5个重复，每个重复2只肉鸭，各处理肉鸭分别饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮和40种小麦替代饲粮（含20%小麦）。用套算法计算小麦的AME，然后利用NIRS建立小麦AME的预测模型。结果表明，不同来源小麦的肉鸭AME为11.03～14.34 MJ/kg，变异系数为5.58%；小麦AME与粗纤维（CF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)，与粗脂肪（EE）呈极显著正相关(P<0.01）。小麦AME的预测模型的定标决定系数、定标标准差和交叉验证相对标准差分别为0.85、0.187 MJ/kg和1.70%；外部验证决定系数、外部验证相对标准差和外部验证相对分析误差分别为0.89、1.46%和3.23%。由此可见，不同来源小麦肉鸭AME和化学成分含量存在差异，其AME的变异与其化学成分相关，应用NIRS预测小麦的肉鸭AME的结果“良好”。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在采用Wood模型拟合长三角地区中国荷斯坦牛产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和乳中体细胞评分（SCS）的变化曲线。以长三角地区10个大中型牧场中国荷斯坦牛（1~3胎）的104 368条数据为基础，利用Wood模型对产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和乳中SCS数据进行曲线拟合。结果表明：1）中国荷斯坦牛产奶量为标准泌乳曲线，而乳脂率、乳蛋白率和SCS变化则为倒抛物线形。2）Wood模型对产奶量的拟合度最高，各胎次均为0.98以上，其次为乳中SCS，各胎次的拟合度均在0.93以上，而各胎次的乳脂率的拟合度也均在0.92以上。3）1、2胎产奶量高峰出现时间与乳中SCS最低值出现时间相近，而乳脂率最低值出现时间相对较晚。4）1胎高峰产奶量（32.426 3 kg/d）较2、3胎低，而1胎维持高产奶量（4.98）及乳蛋白率的持续力（4.19）较2、3胎能力强。综合各指标可以得出，Wood模型适用于长三角地区中国荷斯坦牛产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率及乳中SCS变化曲线的拟合。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在评估化学计量学模型预测中国泌乳奶牛瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）组成的精度，分析影响模型预测精度的原因。本研究选择了3个经典的奶牛瘤胃VFA模型，分别为MUR模型、DIJ模型和BAN模型。试验数据来自我国主要科研团队的18篇论文，包括14篇SCI、3篇中文核心期刊和1篇未见刊的英文文章，论文数据含动物饲粮、体重、干物质采食量、饲料添加剂、VFA各组分比例。采用预测误差均方(MSPE)和一致性相关系数(CCC)2种分析方法对3个经典的奶牛瘤胃VFA模型的估算精度进行评估分析。结果表明：BAN模型乙酸比例估算精度最高（决定系数=0.140，P=0.007），预测误差均方根为6.8%，误差主要来自整体偏差的偏离（47.8%）。3个模型无法预测丙酸、丁酸、其他酸比例。总之，BAN模型预测乙酸比例的精度是3个模型中最高的，但预测精度仍然偏低，误差来源于整体偏差的偏离，迫切需要利用更多数据建立适合我国国情的VFA化学计量学预测模
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验分析了新疆南疆地区肉羊常用精饲料体外产气量与有效降解率的相关性，旨在寻找肉羊常用精饲料干物质有效降解率的简易评价方法。以新疆南疆地区肉羊常用的6种蛋白质饲料和7种能量饲料为试验材料，采用体外产气法与人工瘤胃持续发酵法，在测定产气量（GP）与干物质有效降解率的同时，分析二者之间的相关性及常规营养成分对干物质有效降解率的影响，建立了以GP、常规营养成分预测干物质有效降解率的模型。结果显示：1）潜在产气量及8、16、24、36、48 h产气量均与干物质有效降解率呈正相关关系（P<0.05）；以相关性最强的3个预测值潜在产气量及24和36 h产气量为预测因子，分别建立干物质有效降解率的预测模型，其决定系数（R2）分别为0.553、0.613和0.612。2）饲料常规营养成分含量与干物质有效降解率的相关性分析结果中，干物质有效降解率与饲料中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量呈显著负相关关系（P<0.05），与饲料酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量呈极显著负相关关系（P<0.01）；建立以ADF、NDF含量预测饲料干物质有效降解率的一元、二元预测模型，二元预测模型[EDIVDMD=88.481-0.484ADF-0.231NDF（P<0.01）（EDIVDMD为干物质有效降解率）]R2最高，为0.855。综合得出,体外产气法可以代替尼龙袋法预测肉羊常用精饲料的干物质有效降解率，可对饲料的降解性能做出快速、合理、有效的评价；利用饲料中的纤维含量来预测其他主要营养物质在瘤胃内降解率的方法切实可行。
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