Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the responses of physiological and biochemical and mechanism of molecular regulatory for grape dormancy breaking with cyanamide, Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca ‘Shuijing’ was used as experimental materials in this study to determine the changes in SOD, POD, CAT activity, MDA and H2O2 content, and oxygen free radical production rate, and RT-PCR technology was used to clone the full-length cDNA sequences of two FT (Flowering location T) genes (VvFT1 and VvFT2) and one CBF (C-repeat binding factor) gene (VvCBF) from its buds, then their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic evolution, conserved motifs and domains, and differences expression levels in grape buds after cyanamide treatment were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The analysis of physiological and biochemical indicators results showed that SOD, POD and CAT activities, MDA and H2O2 contents, and the rate of oxygen free radical production in grape buds were significantly increased after treated with cyanamide. (2) The full-lengths cDNA sequences of VvFT1 and VvFT2 genes were 525 bp from Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca ‘Shuijing’, encoding 174 aa, and the full-lengths cDNA sequences of VvCBF gene was 714 bp, encoding 237 aa. (3) The homology analysis results showed that VvFT1 of Vitis vinifera×V. labrusca ‘Shuijing’ had the highest amino acid homology with Litchi chinensis (LcFT: AEU08960.1) and Dimocarpus longan (DlFT2: ALA55998.1), VvFT2 had the highest amino acid homology with LcFT (AEU08961.1) and DlFT2 (AHF27444.1). The phylogenetic analysis result showed that VvFT1, VvFT2, LcFT (AEU08960.1; AEU08961.1) and DlFT2 (ALA55998.1; AHF27444.1) clustered into a branch, with the most closes genetic relationship; VvCBF had the highest amino acid homology with Prunus ledebouriana (PlCBF: AEB69782.1), and the phylogenetic analysis showed that VvCBF and PlCBF clustered into a branch, with the most closest genetic relationship. (4) qRT-PCR analysis showed that VvFT1 and VvFT2 expression levels were significantly increased in buds after treated with cyanamide, while VvCBF expression levels was significantly decreased. In summary, this study comprehensively analyzed the phylogenetic evolution of VvFT1, VvFT2, and VvCBF genes, as well as the expression patterns of these genes and physiological and biochemical indicators in grape buds after treated with cyanamide, laying a theoretical foundation for the molecular and physiological mechanisms of grape dormancy breaking with cyanamide.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-06-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Castor root rot is a root disease caused by Fusarium solani, which seriously threatens the production of castor bean. Due to the lack of resistance genes, the breeding for root rot resistance in castor bean was seriously restricted. In order to mine resistant resources and establish resistant molecular markers, the phenotypic and molecular marker identification was performed on the disease resistance of 252 castor accessions in this study. The results were as follows: (1) Irrigating roots with the conidia suspension of 1×106 spores ∙ mL-1 was an effective inoculation method. The 5-grade evaluation method based on the days of wilt after inoculation could be used as the criteria to evaluate the resistant level of accessions objectively. (2) According to the criteria, the resistance of 252 accessions were divided into five grades from high to low, among which grade 1 was high resistance and grade 2 was moderate resistance. The number of accessions with different grades from 1 to 5 were 105, 25, 33, 31 and 58 respectively, accounting for 42%, 10%, 13%, 12% and 23% respectively. 130 resistant accessions were identified, of which 105 were high resistance and 25 were moderate resistance. (3) The proportion of resistant accessions in wild accessions (66%) was much higher than that in cultivated accessions (35%). Among wild accessions from South China, 69% were resistant accessions, and 60% were high resistance accessions. It is strongly suggested that the research and utilization of wild accessions, especially the wild accessions in South China, should be an important direction of resistance breeding in the future. (4) 8 SSR markers associated with the resistance were preliminarily established. Although different resistant accessions carried different marker or marker combination, most of them carried 3 to 4 of the above markers, therefore, they can be used as resistant molecular markers for assisted selection. The results of this study provide an effective method and evaluation criteria for root rot resistance identification, screen out a number of resistance genetic resources urgently needed in breeding, and preliminarily establish the SSR markers available for assisted selection, which lay an important foundation for resistance breeding of castor bean root rot.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-29 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In this study, the functional traits of annual branchlets and leaves of Tsoongiodendron odorum, an endangered species, were sampled and measured along five different latitude gradients in Guangxi. The variation of biomass distribution and leaf functional traits along the latitude gradient were discussed. The results were as follows: (1) The total branchlet weight and total leaf weight tends to allometric growth relationship with the increase of latitude, and its biomass tends to the construction of branchlets. (2) The functional traits of the leaves showed the same pattern:increases with latitude from south to north, its leaf area, and leaf mass decreases with increasing latitude; leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, stomatal length, stomatal area, stomatal density showed a trend of gradual increase; specific leaf area, leaf water content and stomatal width increase at first and then decrease, and overall showed a trend of gradual decrease, leaf tissue density decreases and then increases, indicated that T. odorum can respond to changes in the geographical environment through the plasticity of the leaf shape. (3) Specific leaf area was significantly positively correlated with leaf moisture content, but negatively correlated with leaf fresh weight, leaf dry matter content, and stomatal density. There was a significant negative correlation between leaf dry matter content and leaf water content, which means that T. odorum could respond to the change of geographical environment by adjusting and balancing the character combination of leaves. (4) CCA analysis shows that slope is the most significant variable affecting the functional traits of T. odorum, the mean annual temperature also has a significant impact on the functional traits of T. odorum, the mean annual precipitation, and relative humidity have a certain intensity effect on plant functional traits, but not significantly. The functional traits of T. odorum are mainly affected by environmental factors such as slope and mean annual temperature. The research results are helpful to understand the adaptation characteristics of T. odorum to the environment, and its response mechanism to latitude variation is of great significance.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-09-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：铅和镉在土壤中表现出很强的毒性，严重危害植物的生长发育。本研究着眼于中国特有濒危珍稀植物珙桐，探究盆栽实验条件下其抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛以及游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白对不同浓度重金属铅、镉胁迫的响应规律，结果表明：（1）不同浓度铅处理下，珙桐幼苗丙二醛浓度均显著高于对照组，而镉胁迫条件下除10 mg·kg-1浓度外，其余处理组丙二醛浓度也显著高于对照组，表明了铅和镉污染加剧了珙桐膜脂过氧化进程。（2）游离脯氨酸随着铅、镉浓度的增加，表现出先增加后降低的现象，分别在铅浓度≥800 mg·kg-1和镉浓度≥20 mg·kg-1处理下显著低于对照组。可溶性蛋白浓度随着铅浓度的增加也表现出先增后减的规律，其浓度在镉胁迫下均显著高于对照组。可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸的增加可以提高珙桐抵抗低浓度重金属危害的能力，但高浓度重金属对珙桐产生抑制作用。（3） 随着铅和镉浓度的增加，珙桐抗氧化酶活性也表现出先增加后降低的特征，表明了低浓度重金属（铅浓度≤600 mg·kg−1，镉浓度≤5 mg·kg−1）容易激活珙桐抗氧化应激反应，有效地减少重金属的危害，高浓度的重金属则会抑制抗氧化酶活性。（4）通过相关性和主成分分析表明，珙桐幼苗中抗氧化酶、游离脯氨酸可以较好地反映珙桐对两种重金属胁迫的响应规律。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：植物功能性状种间性状变异反映不同物种的生活史对策，种内变异反映了同一物种不同个体应对不同环境的性状应答。人工林均一的环境有利于深入分析不同树种种内和种间变异。本研究以南宁良凤江林场的四种乡土珍贵阔叶树种（观光木Tsoongiodendron odorum、红锥Castanopsis hystrix、灰木莲Magnolia blumei和望天树Parashorea chinensis）为研究对象，对其叶功能性状的种内和种间变异进行研究，结果表明：（1）同一高度的四种植物的大部分叶功能形状差异显著，只有极少数叶功能性状差异不显著。相较于其他三种植物，红锥的叶鲜重、叶厚度、叶面积、叶干重、比叶面积和叶含水率较小，但红锥的比叶重、叶干物质量和叶组织密度较大。（2）不同高度的叶功能性状存在差异，不同的树种差异表现不同。高度对叶功能性状的影响：灰木莲＞望天树＞观光木＞红锥。随着高度的变化，9种叶功能性状中，叶厚度和叶组织密度表现最稳定，叶面积和叶干重变化较大；比叶面积呈下降趋势，比叶重呈上升趋势。（3）随着树龄的增大，灰木莲的叶功能性状变化最大，红锥的叶功能性状表现最稳定，树龄对叶功能性状的影响：灰木莲＞观光木/望天树＞红锥。9种叶功能性状中，受到树龄影响最大的是叶厚度和叶组织密度，影响最小的是叶鲜重、叶干重和叶面积；四种树种的叶功能性状随树龄的变化差异显著，但不具有明显规律性。（4）叶干物质量与叶厚度相关性不显著，叶含水率与叶厚度、叶面积、叶干重和比叶重相关性不显著，其余各功能性状存在一定的相关性。
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