Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry submitted time 2024-05-25
Abstract： Taking compound nutrient supplements is a common means of health management. No studies have investigated the overall effects of complex nutrient supplements on healthy individuals from the perspective of the urine proteome. In this study, we compared and analyzed the urine proteome of healthy individuals after taking compound nutrient supplements for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and before taking them, and found that the urine proteome changed more significantly after taking compound nutrient supplements for 2 weeks, and the differential proteins and their enriched pathways may be associated with nutrient supplementation, such as erythropoietin receptor (fold change of 449.5 after taking compound nutrient supplements for 2 weeks). The results of this study provide new clues about the health effects of complex nutrient supplements from the perspective of the urine proteome and help to optimize guidelines and recommendations for the use of complex nutrient supplements.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the effect of exogenous polyamines (PAs) on embryogenic callus (EC) proliferation and somatic embryogenesis of litchi, the morphology, structure, endogenous PA content and related enzyme activities were systematically investigated using the ‘Feizixiao’ ECs as materials subcultured on the medium supplemented with various PAs. The results were as follows: (1) The exogenous putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) treatment significantly increased the EC proliferation rate and reduced the amount of induced somatic embryos and regenerated plantlets. The proliferated embryogenic cells after exogenous PA treatments were more consistent in size and stained deeply and evenly. Furthermore, multicellular proembryos in EC were reduced, and fully differentiated early cotyledon embryos could be seen. (2) All the exogenous PA treatments significantly increased the endogenous PA content in EC. Among them, Put treatment had the highest content of each endogenous PA component and total PA. When the EC proliferated on the medium containing exogenous PAs was transferred to the medium without exogenous PAs (M3) for proliferating, the Put content in the EC was still significantly higher than the control, however, the endogenous Spd and Spm were significantly decreased. (3) Exogenous Put treatment significantly increased the activities of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and diamine oxidase (DAO) in EC, while exogenous Spd and Spm treatments significantly reduced the activities of ADC and DAO in EC, and exogenous Spd significantly increased PAO activity. When transferred to the M3 medium, the ADC and DAO activities of newly proliferated EC were significantly lower than those of EC cultured with exogenous PAs, but there was no significant difference in ODC and PAO activities. In summary, the exogenous PAs can affect endogenous PA content by regulating the activity of enzymes related to polyamine metabolism, thereby affecting EC proliferation and somatic embryo induction in litchi. These results would provide a basis for further study on the mechanism of PAs regulating litchi regeneration in vitro.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Expansin (EXP) plays an important role in plant response to environmental stress by regulating cell wall relaxation. To explore the role of EXP genes in soybean response to abiotic stress, two soybean EXP genes (GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7) and their protein sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics, and their expression levels were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results were as follows: (1) The GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were located on chromosomes 10 and 12 of soybean, and encoded proteins containing 272 and 267 amino acids, respectively. The molecular weight of GmEXPB5 protein was 29.07 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.51. The molecular weight of GmEXPB7 protein was 29.09 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.66. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were stable hydrophilic proteins localized in the cell wall. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 proteins contained a signal peptide sequence and a conserved DPBB_1 domain. (2) GmEXPB5 was closely related to CaEXPB15 of chickpea, and GmEXPB7 was closely related to EXPB3 of chickpea, red bean and cowpea. (3) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were expressed in soybean roots, stems and leaves, and their expression levels in roots and leaves were significantly higher than those in stems. (4) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could respond to salt, drought and cold stresses in soybean seedlings. (5) The promoter region of GmEXPB5 contained two types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE and ARE). The promoter region of GmEXPB7 contained five types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE、ARE、CGTCA-motif、TC-rich repeats and MBS). These results indicated that GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could participate in the response of soybean to abiotic stress.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate and clarify the aroma components and contents of different varieties of Guizhou rabbit-eye blueberries, this study used headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) methods to analyze the aroma component content of the main rabbit-eye blueberry grown in Guizhou, such as ‘Coastal’, ‘Britewell’, ‘Climax’, ‘Tifblue’ and ‘Powderblue’. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 46 aroma components in 7 categories were detected in the 5 varieties, including 8 types of alcohols, 13 types of terpens, 9 types of benzenes, 3 types of aldehydes, 5 types of esters, 4 types of alkanes, and 4 types of others. (2) ‘Climax’ has the most aroma components with 33, while ‘Powderblue’ has the least with only 24; among the aroma components of each variety, aldehydes account for the largest proportion, followed by benzenes, with ‘Britewell’ having the highest content of aldehydes (59.32%) and ‘Powderblue’ the highest content of benzenes (42.58%). (3) Among the five varieties, ‘Coastal’ has the highest total content of aroma components, at 172 872.20 ng‧g-1, followed by ‘Britewell’ at 162 200.87 ng‧g-1; ‘Coastal’ and ‘Powderblue’ have lower total aroma component contents, at 91 284.45 ng‧g-1 and 97 511.10 ng‧g-1, respectively. The significant differences in aroma components and contents among these five rabbit-eye blueberry varieties provide an important basis for the selection of blueberry varieties and the choice of raw materials.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Based on the 25 ha karst forest big plot in Gulinqing, Yunnan, through sample-plot investigation, specimen collection and identification, floristic analysis, Jaccard similarity coefficient and PCA, we explored its floristic characteristics and the status of the Gulinqing big plot in Yunnnan and the geographical relationships among Gulinqing in Yunnan, Bubeng in Yunnan, and Nonggang in Guangxi, China. The results were as follows: (1) There were about 78 families, 238 genera, and 406 species（including infraspecies taxa and excluding woody vines）of woody plants with DBH≥ 1cm. (2) In the plot, the families with two–five species and with one species were dominant and accounted for 37.18% and 34.62% of the total number of families, respectively, while the genera with two–four species and with one species were also dominant and accounted for 30.25% and 65.13% of the total number of genera, respectively. (3) Through analysis of the areal-types of families and genera, it was found that it had been divided into 9 areal-types and 7 variations at the family level, and the proportion of families was the highest at Pantropic, accounting for 50.77%, and the ratio of tropical flora to temperate flora (R/T) was 4.42; there were 11 areal-types at the genera level, mainly composed of Tropical Asian, Pantropic, Old World Tropics, 33.47%, 18.22%, and 13.98% respectively, and with R/T of the genera was 10.25. (4) The composition of Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang big plots showed that Gulinqing and Bubeng had the highest similarity in family and genera level at Jaccard similarity coefficient (0.674 and 0.395, respectively), and Bubeng and Nonggang with the smallest Jaccard similarity coefficient (0.575 and 0.297, respectively). (5) PCA principal component analysis of the floristic spectrum had similar result of the Jaccard similarity coefficient above in the level of genera, but different one at the level of families, e.g. a higher geographical connection between Gulinqing and Nonggang. In summary, this plot has a high diversity of families and genera, significant tropical characteristics, ancient floristic characteristics, obvious transitional status and extensive flora connections. However, there is an inconsistent geographical connection among Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang from the composition and floristic spectrum.
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry submitted time 2024-04-24
Abstract： How to differentiate the diagnosis of depression and bipolar disorder has always been an important problem that needs to be solved urgently in clinical practice. In this study, from the perspective of urine proteomics, urine samples of similar age were collected from two hospitals to investigate the candidate biomarkers for differentiating the diagnosis of depression and bipolar disorder using both group analysis and one-to-many analysis. The experimental results of the paired group analysis showed that 108 differential proteins were identified in the depressed group compared to the bipolar group under strict screening conditions with screening criteria of FC ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5 and a two-tailed unpaired t-test of P < 0.01, with an average of 3.7 randomly generated differential proteins, and a confidence level of 96.6 % for the correlation between these proteins and the disease difference. In the one-to-many analysis, 24 differential proteins were co-identified by the samples of 13 depressed patients, 16 of which showed a completely consistent trend of expression changes in all depressed patients studied, and 6 of which were associated with immunoglobulins; 41 differential proteins were co-identified by the samples of 12 depressed patients out of 13, and 19 of which showed a completely consistent trend of expression change in the These results reflect the strong consistency of differential proteins between the two groups of patients. 12 or more samples from depressed patients were enriched for differential proteins related to multiple biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune system, which is consistent with previous studies: immune mechanisms may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of major depression and that drugs with major immune targets can improve depressive symptoms. In the future, it may be possible to observe the immune status of patients with depression to provide direction and basis for the precise treatment of depression. The results of this paper show that urine proteomics can differentiate between depression and bipolar disorder, suggest possible mechanisms and potential targets for the treatment of depression and bipolar disorder, and provide a tool for future differential diagnosis and precision treatment of the diseases.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry Subjects: Biology >> Molecular Biology submitted time 2024-01-02
Abstract： Objective: Comparison of urine proteome between obese people and normal people.
Methods: Urine samples from obese and normal people were collected and identified by non-label quantitative proteomics using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The difference proteins of urine proteome between obese and normal people were screened for protein function and biological pathway analysis. The urine proteome of obese individuals was compared with that of normal people, and the common differential proteins were counted to analyze the protein function and biological pathways. Reported biomarkers of obesity were searched in the urine proteome of obese individuals.
Results: 38 different proteins can be identified in the urine proteome of obese people compared with normal people, some of which have been reported to be related to metabolism and obesity, and the biological processes of differential proteins are also related to metabolism and other processes. 8 common differential proteins in the urine proteome of obese individuals and normal people, among which some proteins have been reported to be related to metabolism and obesity, and the biological processes of differential proteins are also related to metabolism and other processes. Among the differential proteins in the urine proteome of obese individuals compared with the normal people, the reported obesity biomarkers can be matched.
Conclusions: The urine proteome can distinguish the obese people, and the differential proteins in the urine proteome have key proteins that are known to be related to obesity and metabolism, and the biological processes of differential proteins also related biological processes such as nutrition and metabolism. Urine proteome has the potential to explore the pathogenesis of obesity and provide personalized treatment.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to adjust the structure of inefficient Pinus massoniana forest and explore the dynamic changes for DOC during the mixed decomposition process of P. massoniana and native broad-leaved tree species. Our research focuses on the leaf litter of P. massoniana, Cinnamomum camphora and Toona sinensi, and combine them into the 15 treatments (3 single tree treatments + 12 mixed treatments) according to different tree species combinations and mass ratios, and then conducted field decomposition experiments to further explore the optimal combination for DOC release. The results showed that: (1) DOC content of Pinus massoniana and most of mixed treatments (except for PT64) significantly increased during the early stages of decomposition (0-6 months), leading to carbon enrichment. The DOC content of leaf litter decreased with the extension of decomposition time, and also exhibit carbon enrichment in small degree during the middle to late stages of decomposition (12-18 months) or the late stages of decomposition (18-24 months). Mixed leaf litter showed that the higher the proportion of broad leaves, the lower the DOC content in the later stage. (2) The antagonistic effect of DOC release rate in the early stage of decomposition (0-6 months) was strong (58.33%), and its synergistic effect gradually strengthened (91.67%) after 6-18 months. But the synergistic effect of leaf litter weakened (66.67%) during the late stage of decomposition (18-24 months). Among all mixed treatments, PT64 exhibited synergistic effects throughout the entire decomposition period, followed by PT73, PCT622 and PCT613(3/4). (3) Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLS) showed that N content, P content, lignin content, condensed tannin content, C/N, C/N, lignin/N, and lignin/P were important factors affecting the release of DOC from litter in this study area. Overall, the DOC release from mixed P. massoniana and broad-leaved litter was affected by tree species, mixing ratio and decomposition time. Among all of the mixtures, PT64, PT73, PCT622 and PCT613 showed strong synergistic effects for DOC release.
Subjects: Biology >> Biophysics Subjects: Chemistry >> Physical Chemistry Subjects: Biology >> Biophysics submitted time 2024-04-16
Abstract： Transcription factor (TF) are proteins that regulates the transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA by binding to a specific DNA sequence. Nucleic acid-protein interactions are crucial in regulating transcription in biological systems. This work presents a quick and convenient method for constructing tight-binding models and offers physical insights into the electronic structure properties of transcription factor complexes and DNA motifs. The tight binding Hamiltonian parameters are generated using the random forest regression algorithm, which reproduces the given ab-initio level calculations with reasonable accuracy. We present a library of residue-level parameters derived from extensive electronic structure calculations over various possible combinations of nucleobases and amino acid side chains from high-quality DNA-protein complex structures. As an example, our approach can reasonably generate the subtle electronic structure details for the orthologous transcription factors human AP-1 and Epstein-Barr virus Zta within a few seconds on a laptop. This method potentially enhances our understanding of the electronic structure variations of gene-protein interaction complexes, even those involving dozens of proteins and genes. We hope this study offers a powerful tool for analyzing transcription regulation mechanisms at an electronic structural level.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Primulina pingguoensis H.S. Ma & B. Pan, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, is illustrated and described here. The new species morphologically resembles Primulina carinata Y.G. Wei, F. Wen & H.Z. Lü, but it differs from the latter by lobes narrowly lanceolate-linear，length-width ratio >2 (rounded-ovate，length-width ratio <1.5), 8–10 purple stripes from corolla throat to the bottom of corolla tube, without honey guides (vs. brown stripes, 2 yellow honey guides inside, leaf blade elliptic to broadly ovate, 6.5–9.5 × 4.5–6.5 cm (vs. broadly elliptic to ovate, 4.0–5.0 × 3.0–4.0 cm), leaf blade base slightly cuneate (vs. rounded), corolla tube tubular, ventrally carinate, (vs. narrowly funnelform, strongly carinate, forming a clear keel), etc. The conservation status of P. pingguoensis is considered as ‘Critically Endangered’ (CR) according to the IUCN red list categories and criteria.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
LIANG Huizi
YANG Jisheng
QIN Yi
PAN Weihu
XIAO Yufei
HUANG Ronglin
WANG Renjie
JIANG Yi
LIU Xiongsheng
Abstract： Hopea chinensis is distributed in China and its seeds are typical stubbornness. In order to investigate the germination adaptability of seeds to temperature and moisture, we carried out an experiment with three different constant temperature (15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 25 ℃) controlled by artificial climate incubators, and six polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) mass percentage concentrations (0, 5%, 10%, 15%, 25% and 35%) were used to simulate drought stress. The germination characteristics of these seeds were carefully examined. The results were as follows: (1) Temperature exerted a significant influence on seed germination. Regardless of the level of drought stress applied, higher temperatures positively affected the germination rate, germination energy, germination index, radicle length, seeding length and vitality index of seeds, higher temperatures led to shorter germination delay and increased fluctuations in the germination period. (2) Drought stress had a significant impact on seed germination. Under identical temperature conditions, increasing levels of drought stress resulted in reduced germination rate, germination energy, germination index, germination period, radicle length, seeding length and vitality index of seeds. Moreover, higher levels of drought stress led to longer in germination delay of seeds. (3) The interaction between temperature and drought stress had a significant influenced on seed germination. Under drought stress, seed germination exhibited different responses under different temperature conditions. Specifically, under conditions where a PEG-6000 concentration of 35% was applied as drought stress treatment, the germination rates at temperatures of 20 °C and 25 °C were significantly higher than those observed at 15 °C (8.89% and 15.55% compared to lower rates at 15 °C). However, it was important to note that when subjected to both 35% PEG-6000 and a temperature of 15 °C, the seeds no longer germinate. In summary, our results indicate that the suitable temperatures for seed germination are identified as being around 20 °C and 25 °C. It is determined that the most favorable temperature for early seedling growth is 25 °C. As the drought stress intensifies, the inhibitory effect on seed germination become stronger. These findings suggest that temperature plays a positive role in promoting seed germination, while drought stress can significantly hinder this process. Additionally, moderate warming can help alleviate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on seed germination.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Parakmeria omeiensis an evergreen tree belonged to Parakmeria of Magnoliaceae, is listed as a critically endangered plant under the first-grade State protection. Aimed to clarify the abortion period of male sterility in bisexual flowers of P. omeiensis and its physiological and biochemical characteristics, sterile stamens and fertile stamens were test materials, the anther development was observed by paraffin section, the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline were determined, and catalase ( CAT) and peroxidase ( POD) activity were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1)Significant difference were detected in meiosis stage in anther development between sterile stamens and fertile stamens, the tapetum layer of sterile stamens was dense and undeveloped, the microspore mother cells didn’t develop into the tetrad and subsequently disintegrated, so the pollen sac was empty. The tapetum layer and the microspore mother cells of fertile stamens developed normally, most pollen sac were broken and pollen grain were export. (2)The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline of sterile stamens were significantly lower than fertile stamens during the stage of meiosis, microspore monuclear and pollen mature. (3) POD activity of sterile stamens increased overall and was significantly higher than fertile stamens. CAT activity of sterile stamenst decreased as a whole and was significantly lower than fertile stamens. We conclude that the microspore abortion occurs at the stage of meiosis, the decrease in metabolism of material and energy causes the abortion of male in bisexual flowers, the tapetum layer don’t develop further and it doesn’t provide nutrients to the microspore mother cells. CAT and POD activity are abnormalwhich results in the failure of timely scavenging free radicals in cells, and meiosis of microspore mother cells is blocked, so tetrads fail to be formed.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the physiology of Pyrrosia petiolosa as well as the synthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid, tissue culture seedlings of P. petiolosa were used as materials, and three concentration gradients of low nutrient ( no fertilization : N0, P0, K0 ), normal fertilization ( N : 0.2 g·kg-1, P : 0.15g·kg-1, K : 0.15 g·kg-1 ) and high nutrient ( N1 : 0.4 g·kg-1, P1 : 0.3 g·kg-1, K1 : 0.3 g·kg-1) were set up. There were seven treatments set up: NPK、N0PK、N1PK、NP0K、NP1K、NPK0 and NPK1, and the resistance physiological indexes, chlorogenic acid content and key enzyme activities of P. petiolosa under different treatments were determined. The results were as follows: (1) Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers had a significant effect on the resistance physiology of P. petiolosa. The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) increased significantly under high nitrogen and low potassium treatments, but catalase (CAT) activity rose significantly under low and high treatments of the three nutrients. (2) The content of chlorogenic acid in P. petiolosa was significantly affected by different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The chlorogenic acid level in normal fertilization was the highest, reaching 12.92 mg·g-1, while the chlorogenic acid content in high potassium fertilization was the lowest, 7.79 mg·g-1. Potassium fertilizer had the most significant effect on chlorogenic acid content. The content of chlorogenic acid was positively correlated with the activities of quinate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT) and coumaroyl coenzyme ligase (4CL), and negatively correlated with the activity of shikimate o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT). HQT, 4CL and HCT were the key factors leading to the difference of chlorogenic acid content. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation of P. petiolosa.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In this study, the ecological adaptation mechanisms of Anemone shikokiana in two distinct habitats, namely full-light hilltop scrub and shady mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest, were researched by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology for leaves collected during the flowering stage. Moreover, EST-SSR molecular markers were developed based on SSR locus distribution characteristics. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 53 536 Unigenes sequences were obtained, of which 27 448 were successfully annotated. (2) 5 635 DEGs were obtained after filtering the low abundance genes, 1 600 up-regulated and 4 035 down-regulated genes comparing A. shikokiana in full-light hilltop scrub and in shady mixed coniferous forest. GO classification results showed that 2 460 DEGs were annotated to 2 533 tertiary entries. In addition, 1 051 DEGs were involved in 113 KEGG pathways. (3) The comprehensive analysis of the photosynthesis-antennal proteins pathway related genes revealed that the expression of lhca5 was significantly higher, while the expression of lhca1, lhca2 and lhca3 was significantly lower. Meanwhile, the comprehensive analysis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway related genes revealed that the expression of chs, c4h, f3’h, f3h, fls, ans, chi, ccoaomt and hct was significantly higher. (4) A total of 6 006 unigenes containing 7 146 SSRs were identified among 53 536 unigenes by using MISA software from the transcriptome data of A.shikokiana. In the identified SSRs, the dominant repeat motifs were single nucleotide repeats in 106 repetitive motif types. Among the 100 pairs of EST-SSR primers, a total of 68 pairs were effective and 11 pairs with polymorphism, and 24 polymorphic fragments were amplified. Overall, in this paper, the adaptation mechanisms of A.shikokiana in heterogeneous habitats were analyzed at the molecular level, and for the first time EST-SSR molecular markers were developed to fill the gap in this area, which would provide important molecular marker resource for the conservation and utilization of this species.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The Quercus subsect. Campylolepides contains three species: Q. acutissima Carruth., Q. variabilis Blume and Q. chenii Nakai, which is the East Asian clade of Quercus section Cerris. Species formation and phylogeography of whole subsection or species within the subsection have been studied in detail. It was also found that the Q. section Cerris had an ancient gene introgression with the Q. section Ilex, which led to the plastid capture. However, the specific evolutionary history of plastids in Q. subsect. Campylolepides and Q. section Ilex remains unclear. Our study performed low-coverage whole genome sequencing on 15 samples from Q. section Ilex and integrated previously published data from Q. subsect. Campylolepides and its relatives, resulting in a total of 325 resequencing data, of which 276 individuals were from three Q. subsect. Campylolepides species and 19 populations. We assembled 325 plastids to perform phylogeographic analysis. The results were as follows: (1) There are shared haplotypes among three species of Q. subsect. Campylolepides, but the plastid haplotypes of the entire Q. Subsect.Campylolepides form a monophyletic branch nested within the Q. section Ilex species which are distributed from central China to Liangshan, Sichuan. (2) A relict haplotype of Q. subsection. Campylolepides from the Liaodong Peninsula clustered with Q. pseudosetulosa Q.S.Li & T.Y.Tu, a specie of the Q. section Ilex. (3) Both plastid capture events occurred in the middle Miocene, after which no plastid capture occurred between Quercus Subsect. Campylolepides and Quercus section Ilex. It is hypothesized that Q. subsect. Campylolepides and Q. section Ilex have formed almost complete reproductive isolation.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Glinous sorghum is an important raw material for the production of baijiu. During its growth process, glinous sorghum requires a substantial amount of chemical fertilizers. As an environmentally friendly fertilizer, microbial agent has great prospects in future. The aim of this paper is to develop a growth promoting microbial agent for glutinous sorghum. In this study, the glutinous sorghum leaves were used as experimental materials to isolate and screen microbial strains with plant growth hormone IAA (indole acetic acid) production ability. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the taxonomic status of these microbial strains based on the 16S rDNA conserved sequences. The effects of the strains on glutinous sorghum seed germination was analyzed by soaking the seeds with bacterial suspension. The effect of strain on the sorghum seedlings growth was analyzed by pot experiment. The results were as follows: (1) Four microbial strains capable of producing IAA were isolated and screened from glutinous sorghum leaves, designated as HY1-1, HY1-2, HY1-3, and HY1-4. Among them, HY1-1 exhibited the highest IAA production per unit concentration which was 2.56 mol·L-1. (2) Bayesian inference tree analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequences revealed that all four strains belonged to Bacillus subtilis. (3) HY1-1, HY1-2, HY1-3, and HY1-4 could promote the glutinous sorghum seed germination rates. Compared to the control groups, the germination rates of glutinous sorghum seeds soaked in bacterial suspension significantly increased by 40.04% to 165.52%. Among them, HY1-1 demonstrated the most prominent promotion effect, with a germination rate increase of 165.52%. (4) HY1-1 strain was selected for a pot experiment. After 30 days of inoculation on the roots of glutinous sorghum seedlings, the stem heights of the seedlings significantly increased by 29.17%, and total phosphorus content increased significantly by 5.12%. The rhizosphere substrate of glutinous sorghum exhibited a significant increase in available nitrogen content by 31.70% and available phosphorus content by 28.88%. B. subtilis HY1-1, an endophytic bacterium in glutinous sorghum leaves, can promote the growth of glutinous sorghum plants by secreting the plant growth hormone IAA and providing necessary nutrients. This study provides genetic resources for the further development of microbial agents targeting the growth promotion of glutinous sorghum.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the feasibility of constructing a tobacco mutant library using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, the study designed sgRNAs of 100 aroma related genes in tobacco, constructed a plasmid library composed of 100 corresponding CRISPR/Cas9 editing vectors, and analyzed the co-transformation rate, target editing efficiency, and off-target editing rate of transgenic offspring. The results were as follows: (1) After co-transformation of 100 sgRNAs mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, 77 of them were detected in 172 positive transformation strains, with a co-transformation efficiency of 77%; (2) Among 77 transgenic offspring carrying sgRNA, 69 sgRNAs edited the target genes, with an editing efficiency of 89.6%; (3) Sequencing detection revealed that only one sgRNA produced off-target editing at a non-target site, indicating a very low probability of off-target editing of CRISPR/Cas9 in tobacco. In summary, it is feasible to construct a mutant library by the co-transformation of a CRISPR/Cas9 vector library to edit a large number of candidate target genes in tobacco. This method has the characteristics of the high co-transformation efficiency, the high editing efficiency, and the low probability of off target editing.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to explore the effects of ecological landscaping tree species Taxodium ‘Zhongshanshan 118’ on soil microbial ecosystem in Huaihe Plain of north Anhui Province, the differences in soil nutrients levels, microbial communities structures and their influencing factors between the rhizosphere (R) and non-rhizosphere (NR) were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) The 4-year-old T. ‘Zhongshanshan 118’ rhizosphere had a low enrichment capacity for macronutrients, resulting in a deficiency of hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus. The R had similar levels of total nitrogen, and lower levels of total phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium than the NR soil. The R had a strong enrichment ability for microelements (iron, copper, manganese). And the available manganese content in the R was significantly higher than that in the NR. Both the R and the NR soils of T. ‘Zhongshanshan 118’ were alkaline. The R had a slightly lower pH and a higher electrical conductivity than the NR. The R had a certain degree of enrichment for available sodium, available magnesium and available calcium, as well as for organic carbon and organic matter. (2) Based on the Anosim analysis of community structure between groups, the R value was 0.224 (P=0.022), which was significantly greater than 0, indicating a significant difference between the bacterial communities of the R and the NR of T. ‘Zhongshanshan 118’. The total number of OTUs in the R and the NR was 5 283. There were 1 307 unique OTUs in R and 1 265 OTUs in NR. The R had a slightly lower bacterial diversity than the NR. The dominant phylum in both the R and the NR were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Myxococcota, Actinobacteria, and Crenarchaeota. Among them, only Acidobacteriota showed a significant positive correlation with available phosphorus. The R had higher abundances of Firmicutes (17.94%) and Bacteroidetes (5.21%) than the NR (1.84% and 3.90%), respectively. Neither of them had a significant correlation with environmental factors. The R had higher abundances of Clostridia, Bacteroidia and Bacilli than the NR by 14.05%, 1.32% and 2.06%, respectively. (3) The UPGMA clustering analysis showed that R4 was isolated from the other samples. NR4 and NR5 formed a cluster that was also isolated from the rest of the samples. R4 had lower species diversity and abundance than the other samples, and had an uneven distribution of taxa. In conclusion, despite the weak rhizosphere effect of young T. ‘Zhongshanshan 118’, it was the main factor for the enrichment of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the rhizosphere. And more microelements and a moderate amount of macroelements should be applied in the cultivation process.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-01-12 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is important for health care and ecological protection. However, it faces problems of low productivity and resource utilization during planting. Exploring reasonable models for water and nitrogen management is important for solving these problems. Based on field trials in 2021 and 2022, this study analyzed the effects of controlling soil water and nitrogen application levels on wolfberry height, stem diameter, crown width, yield, and water (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The upper and lower limits of soil water were controlled by the percentage of soil water content to field water capacity (θf), and four water levels, i.e., adequate irrigation (W0, 75%–85% θf), mild water deficit (W1, 65%–75% θf), moderate water deficit (W2, 55%–65% θf), and severe water deficit (W3, 45%–55% θf) were used, and three nitrogen application levels, i.e., no nitrogen (N0, 0 kg/hm2), low nitrogen (N1, 150 kg/hm2), medium nitrogen (N2, 300 kg/hm2), and high nitrogen (N3, 450 kg/hm2) were implied. The results showed that irrigation and nitrogen application significantly affected plant height, stem diameter, and crown width of wolfberry at different growth stages (P<0.01), and their maximum values were observed in W1N2, W0N2, and W1N3 treatments. Dry weight per plant and yield of wolfberry first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application under the same water treatment. Dry weight per hundred grains and dry weight percentage increased with increasing nitrogen application under W0 treatment. However, under other water treatments, the values first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen application. Yield and its component of wolfberry first increased and then decreased as water deficit increased under the same nitrogen treatment. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE, 8.46 kg/(hm2•mm)), WUE (6.83 kg/(hm2•mm)), partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN, 2.56 kg/kg), and NUE (14.29 kg/kg) reached their highest values in W2N2, W1N2, W1N2, and W1N1 treatments. Results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that yield, WUE, and NUE were better in W1N2 treatment, making it a suitable water and nitrogen management mode for the irrigation area of the Yellow River in the Gansu Province, China and similar planting areas.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on fruit quality of pitaya under the condition of calcareous soil in karst area were discussed in order to promote the growth, development and quality improvement of pitaya. The ‘Taiwan Dahong’ pitaya in 3-year-old were used as the experiment material. Based on 0.216 kg of phosphorus (P) and 0.324kg of potassium (K), four nitrogen application levels (CK, T1, T2, T3) were setted. 21 fruit quality indexes were determined, and the quality differences of pitaya with different nitrogen application levels (CK,T1,T2,T3) were compared. At the same time, 11 appearance quality indexes were comprehensicely analyzed by principal component analysis. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the control, nitrogen application could increase the soluble sugar content and soluble solids of fruit content, reduce the protein content and dietary fiber content, and the high nitrogen treatment (T3) was significantly different from other treatments. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the titratable acid content and vitamin C content of fruit increased first and then decreased, while the solid-acid ratio decreased first and then increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and the high nitrogen treatment(T3) was significantly higher than other treatments. High nitrogen level significantly increased the fruit vertical and horizontal diameter, fruit shape index and single fruit weight. (2) Compared with the control, nitrogen application treatment reduced the N content of pitaya fruit and increased the P content, and the N and P contents of each treatment were significantly different. The K content of fruit increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and T3 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments. Nitrogen application increased fruit B content and decreased fruit Cu content. The contents of Mn, Fe, Ca and Mg in different treatments were ranked as T3 > T1 > CK > T2. The content of Zn decreased first and then increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. (3) The principal component comprehensive evaluation score of the high nitrogen level treatment was the highest, indicating that when selecting brown calcareous soil in Guilin karst area to grow pitaya, supplemented by a certain amount of P and K fertilizer, high nitrogen treatment was more conducive to improving the quality of pitaya. In actual production, it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments according to the soil fertility status of the plantation.
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