Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：探讨不同耕作方式的土壤矿质元素含量变化特征，旨在促进火龙果生长发育和品质改良。研究区采用套种紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）、施用有机肥、施用化肥与农药、地膜覆盖和无措施 5 种耕作方式，以每种方式土壤的 22 种矿质元素为评价指标，比较不同耕作方式的矿质元素含量差异，阐明土壤矿质元素之间的相关关系。结果表明：与无措施相比，其他耕作方式的 Ca、Si、Mn 等元素含量呈增加趋势，Fe、Mg、Al 等元素含量则降低，Na含量无显著差异；施用有机肥的矿质元素含量最丰富，地膜覆盖次之，套种紫花苜蓿最低；相关性分析表明火龙果地土壤矿质元素间多存在显著相关性，Al、Si、S、Ni 与其他元素的相关性较密切，其次为 Fe、Mg、Na、Mn、Cu、Co，均达到显著或极显著水平；Ca、Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn 和 B 之间多呈负相关，存在拮抗效应。干热河谷石漠化区在火龙果栽培时，应首选有机肥作为养分添加方式；并及时补充不同耕作方式造成的土壤矿质养分亏缺，尤其是 Fe、Mg、Al、Na、Cu、Zn 等元素。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：阐明群落水平上的土壤矿质元素特征，对揭示植物的产量、品质形成机制和养分计量平衡规律具有重要意义，能够科学指导人工林可持续经营。本研究以贵州喀斯特山区典型人工林为研究对象，以金属元素和非金属元素进行类型划分，探讨了土壤矿质元素含量特征及其相关性。结果表明：该区典型人工林土壤矿质元素含量存在较大差异，且同一元素在不同树种之间的变化幅度各异，锌、铬、铁、钛、铝、镁、镍、钴等的变化规律较为一致，钙、锶等的变化趋势较为相似，砷、硒、硅在桉树（Eucalyptus robusta）林、柏木（Cupressus funebris）林和枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica）林中的含量较高，硫、钠、氯等元素含量则相反；不同矿质元素随林分类型的变化规律不完全一致，表明植物根系对养分的提取和富集能力存在差异；矿质元素之间表现出一定程度的相关性，存在此消彼长的关系，不同矿质元素之间的相关关系各异，表现出增强或抑制效应，尤其以铁、钙等元素与其他元素的关系更为密切；矿质元素之间的互作效应及其计量平衡关系是分析元素特征的关键，是未来值得深入研究的科学问题。研究结果有利于掌握养分元素积累特征与调控规律，对于该区域典型人工林土壤养分管理具有较强的理论和实践意义。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-09-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Mineral element is an important aspect of soil quality, it plays a significant role in plants growth, physiologyandecological functions, andmineral element deficiency isamajorcausefor thedecrease ofplantfruit quality. The paper illustrates that soil mineral element feature of community level is significant in yield of plant, quality formation mechanism and nutrient measurement balance rule. It can guide sustainable operation of plantations scientifically. With the typical man-made forest in Guizhou karst mountain area as object and classification of metallic element and non-metallic element, the content features of mineral elements and the correlations were discussed. The result indicated that there were large differences in the soil mineral element contents of the typical man-made forest in the area, meanwhile the elements had different ranges in the different tree species. The change rules of Zn, Cr, Fe, Ti, Al, Mg, Ni, Co were relatively consistent, Ca and Sr’s were relatively similar. The content ofAs, Se, Si were high in Eucalyptus robusta forest, Cupressus funebris forest and Eriobotrya japonica forest, while the contents of S, Na, Cl were just the opposite. The change rule of different mineral elements was not in conformity with different forest types, which indicated that the extraction and accumulation ability of plant root system existed differences. There was a degree of relativity among mineral elements, the correlativity of different mineral elements differed and represented enhancement inhibitory effect, and especially Fe and Ca have close relationship with other elements. The interaction effect and measure equilibrium relationship of mineral elements was the key to analyze the features of element compositions and a scientific problem deserved to be further studied. The research results were in favor of mastering nutrient element accumulation features and regulation, which had an important theory and practice significance to soil nutrient management of typical plantation in the area. In the future, we should not only pay attention to the pollution caused by mineral element overabundance, but also evaluate the deficiency effect caused by mineral element shortage.Thus,thevalueofeconomicforest canimprovebyreleasingadequateandbalancesupplyofnutrients. KeyWords:man-madeforest,soil,mineralelement,correlation,Guizhoukarst mountainarea
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： As the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis has affected the rocky desertification control, and in order to discuss the reason of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and realize the stabilization of forest stand and sustainable management, this paper took aging degraded plants with typical symbol of yellow blooms and normally grown plants as the research objects and adopted soil agrochemistry and environmental mineralogy methods to analyze mineral element content in root-zone soil of different plants, evaluate integrated soil quality and to reveal the mineral element mechanism of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. The results shows that (1) C, P, K, S, Se, Sr, Mo and oxide in root-zone soil of normally grown plants were generally higher than the content in aging degraded plants, while total nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, available nitrogen, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr had no significant difference, and other elements had no obvious change rule. It indicates that mineral elements are one of the causes of the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. Available contents of elements also had an impact on plant growth, which indicates that we should improve availability of nutrients when managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. From the perspective of plant nutrition demand, all major, medium and micro elements had a dominant effect on soil quality. In the management of soil fertility, we should not only focus on a large number of elements. (2) Root-zone soil quality indexes manifested that the highest plant was No. 3 normally grown plant and the lowest plant was No. 1 aging degraded plant, suggesting that soil quality influences the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. But the soil quality is not the only cause of aging degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and more comparative studies of soil microbes and plant hormones should be conducted. (3) When managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis in forest stand, cultivate good soil structure, make sure the comprehensiveness and proportionality of soil nutrient, and pay attention to deficit effect caused by low mineral elements, and it is necessary to make sure the appropriate nutrient concentration and ratio to increase the absorption capacity of the plant.
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