Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Expansin (EXP) plays an important role in plant response to environmental stress by regulating cell wall relaxation. To explore the role of EXP genes in soybean response to abiotic stress, two soybean EXP genes (GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7) and their protein sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics, and their expression levels were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results were as follows: (1) The GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were located on chromosomes 10 and 12 of soybean, and encoded proteins containing 272 and 267 amino acids, respectively. The molecular weight of GmEXPB5 protein was 29.07 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.51. The molecular weight of GmEXPB7 protein was 29.09 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.66. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were stable hydrophilic proteins localized in the cell wall. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 proteins contained a signal peptide sequence and a conserved DPBB_1 domain. (2) GmEXPB5 was closely related to CaEXPB15 of chickpea, and GmEXPB7 was closely related to EXPB3 of chickpea, red bean and cowpea. (3) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were expressed in soybean roots, stems and leaves, and their expression levels in roots and leaves were significantly higher than those in stems. (4) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could respond to salt, drought and cold stresses in soybean seedlings. (5) The promoter region of GmEXPB5 contained two types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE and ARE). The promoter region of GmEXPB7 contained five types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE、ARE、CGTCA-motif、TC-rich repeats and MBS). These results indicated that GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could participate in the response of soybean to abiotic stress.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Yong
MA Yandan
ZHENG Qiuzhu
SU Derong
DONG Shikui
LIANG Kemin
WU Kaiting
YUE Haitao
WANG Xiaorong
Abstract： This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental disturbances on the stoichiometry characteristics of plants in degraded alpine meadows. To achieve this, a mowing experiment was conducted on an alpine meadow with three degradation levels (i.e., light degradation LD, moderate degradation MD, and severe degradation SD) in Shangri-La from 2018 to 2020. Subsequently, differences in plant carbon (C) content, nitrogen (N) content, phosphorous (P) content, C:N:P ratio, and N-P power function relationship among different mowing durations (i.e., 0 a, 1 a, and 2 a, respectively) were analysed. The results were as follows: (1) Except for the P content of Cyperaceae, plant C, N and P of the entire community, Gramineae and forbs did not vary among degradation levels (P > 0.05) during the mowing experiment. Plant C, N and P tended to increase and then decrease with increasing mowing years, i.e., these indices were the highest after 1 a of mowing (P < 0.05). (2) At the community and functional group levels, there was no significant difference in plant C:N ratio and C:P ratio among degradation levels (P > 0.05). From LD to SD, the N:P ratio of the plant community, Cyperaceae and forbs tended to increase (P < 0.05), while the N:P ratio of Gramineae did not change significantly (P > 0.05). (3) The N:P ratio showed a parabolic trend, while the C:N ratio and C:P ratio showed an inverse trend with increasing mowing duration. Before mowing (i.e., mowing 0 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of forbs (P < 0.05) but did not vary from those of the plant community and Gramineae (P > 0.05). After mowing (i.e., mowing 1 a or 2 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of the whole plant community, Gramineae, and forbs (P < 0.05). At each mowing duration, the C:N ratio of plants did not vary among plant communities and functional groups (P > 0.05). (4) Mowing caused a stronger N-P power function relationship and a stable power exponent both at the plant community and functional group levels. And the N-P power exponent of Cyperaceae was less than 0.1, while that of the plant community, Gramineae and forbs remained stable at 0.19-0.22. In conclusion, this study found that plant stoichiometry remained stable across degradation levels but changed significantly with the prolongation of the mowing duration. This implies that different degraded alpine meadows in Northwestern Yunnan Province may share common response mechanisms to mowing disturbance.
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-12-16 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：目的：优化AMPs17重组蛋白的原核表达条件，分析重组蛋白的抗真菌活性。方法：比较不同的诱导温度(25 ° C, 28 ° C, 30 ° C, 32 ° C, 34 ° C)、异丙基硫代-β-D半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导浓度（0.025、 0.05、0.1、0.3、0.5、0.8、1.0mmol·L-1）和诱导时间（12h、15h、18h、21h、24h）对AMPs17重组蛋白表达量的影响，筛选AMPs17重组蛋白的最佳表达条件；采用镍离子金属螯合剂亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化，SDS-PAGE电泳和ImageJ图像分析系统对表达结果进行分析，Western bolt对AMPs17重组蛋白鉴定，高效液相色谱分析重组蛋白的纯度，微量液体稀释法及菌落计数法检测其抗真菌活性。结果：在诱导温度为32℃、IPTG浓度为0.05mmol·L-1的条件下诱导培养15h，AMPs17重组蛋白的表达量最高且最为稳定；HPLC色谱仪分析显示AMPs17重组蛋白纯度可达到90％以上；优化后的AMPs17重组蛋白能有效抑制白色念珠菌的生长。结论：本研究优化了家蝇抗菌肽AMPs17的诱导表达条件，获得了高表达、稳定且具有抗真菌活性的蛋白，为后续抗菌机制及应用研究提供一定的实验基础。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2018-04-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：SpyCatcher和SpyTag可通过自发反应形成共价键，产生稳定的分子自组装体。酶分子自组装体因具有高效有序的催化特性在合成生物学和纳米技术领域具有重要的应用价值。为探索SpyTag/SpyCatcher在大肠杆菌胞内多酶复合体系形成有序自组装分子能力，将SpyCatcher和SpyTag分别与P450BM3m单加氧酶和葡萄糖脱氢酶GDH进行融合表达，以期产生具有辅酶再生循环系统、高效生物合成靛蓝分子的SpyTag/SpyCatcher双酶自组装复合体。首先，通过电泳及质谱对重组工程菌表达蛋白进行分析，证实SpyCatcher-P450BM3m与SpyTag-GDH在胞内成功形成了自组装多酶复合体；然后，系统分析了不同培养条件下组装体合成靛蓝的能力，结果发现，经0.5mmol/L IPTG诱导后，菌体在16 ℃继续培养18 h后，工程菌对吲哚（2 mmol/L）与葡萄糖（4 mmol/L）的全细胞催化能力最强，靛蓝产量最高达258 mg/L，是未组装多酶系统的1.9倍，比P450BM3m单酶表达系统高约2.4倍；反应70 min后达到反应平衡，转化率为52%。本研究成功实现了SpyTag/SpyCatcher介导的多酶体系在大肠杆菌细胞中的自组装和高效转化体系，为胞内多酶复合物组装体的设计提供了新思路。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：动物的采食量在实际生产中起着重要的作用。因仔猪对鲜味的偏爱，所以常在仔猪饲料中添加鲜味剂以提高仔猪的采食量。鲜味剂提高仔猪采食量的主要途径是通过刺激其味觉，从而促进口腔和胃肠道中的激素等分泌，以增加其对饲料的采食。本文从鲜味剂对猪味觉的调控进行阐述，旨在为鲜味剂在仔猪饲料中的应用提供理论依据。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加三丁酸甘油酯（TB）和牛至油（OEO）对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率和粪中微生物菌群的影响。试验选用28日龄平均体重为（7.27±0.68） kg的健康大白断奶仔猪128头，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复8头猪。各组分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB（TB组）、基础饲粮+1 kg/t OEO（OEO组）、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB+1 kg/t OEO（TB+OEO组）。试验期28 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重（P0.05）。3）与对照组相比，TB+OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪粗蛋白质表观消化率（P<0.05），极显著提高了粗脂肪表观消化率（P<0.01）。4）与对照组相比，TB组、OEO组和TB+OEO组均极显著降低了粪中大肠杆菌的数量（P<0.01）；TB+OEO组显著提高了粪中双歧杆菌的数量（P<0.05）。综上所述，基础饲粮中添加TB+OEO可提高断奶仔猪生长性能，改善营养物质表观消化率，调节肠道菌群平衡。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：动物的鲜味受体包括代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluR）和味觉受体异源二聚体（T1R1/T1R3），是C型G蛋白偶联受体，N末端捕蝇草模块（VFT）区域可与鲜味配体结合，识别鲜味。本文主要论述了鲜味受体的研究进展、鲜味识别转导机制及鲜味受体基因的表达调控等，以期为相关研究提供参考。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：调控猪各个阶段的采食量是动物营养研究的热点问题。风味剂主要有香味剂、甜味剂、鲜味剂，可以改善饲粮的适口性，提高猪对饲粮的喜爱程度，也可以缓解因环境变化、饲料原料改变等应激反应导致的采食量下降。猪的嗅觉系统特别发达，灵敏度很高，味觉也要比人类敏感，因此在饲粮中添加风味剂主要通过刺激猪的嗅觉和味觉来使摄食中枢兴奋，进而促进猪采食。本文综述了饲粮中添加风味剂对猪采食量的影响及其作用机理，为相关试验提供理论依据。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：Nesfatin-1是由核组蛋白2（NUCB2）衍生而来的肽段，是一种由下丘脑和外周组织表达的厌食信号肽，通过使动物产生饱腹感而抑制动物摄食。研究者发现，Nesfatin-1除了通过抑制动物摄食调节机体内稳态与能量储备，还参与初情启动和胰岛素抵抗等多种生理过程，具有多种生物学功能，本文综述了Nesfatin-1/NUCB2的分子生物学特征、功能及其基因表达的营养调控。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：胃饥饿素又称作生长激素释放肽，最初是在大鼠的胃内被发现的，它是生长激素促分泌素受体1A（GHSR-1A）的一种内源性配体。在下丘脑弓形核（ARC）及室旁核（PVN）高度表达GHSR-1A的区域，胃饥饿素结合GHSR-1A后，产生一系列生物学效应。本文综述了胃饥饿素的生物学特征及功能、对动物采食量调控的机制、影响胃饥饿素基因表达调控的因素和反馈抑制以及前景展望。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究牛磺酸（Tau）对种公猪性欲、精液品质、血清激素含量及精浆抗氧化能力的影响。选用24头年龄、体重相近的健康成年大约克夏种公猪，随机分为4个组，每组6个重复，每个重复1头猪。各组分别饲喂牛磺酸添加水平为0（对照组）、2、4、6 g/kg的饲粮，试验期90 d，分为1~45 d和46~90 d 2个阶段。结果表明：1）试验46～90 d时，添加6 g/kg牛磺酸显著提高了种公猪的性欲（P<0.05）、采精量（P<0.01）、精子活力（P<0.05），4 g/kg牛磺酸改善了精子密度和精子畸形率（P<0.05）；2）与对照组相比，6 g/kg牛磺酸水平组极显著提高了种公猪血清促黄体素（LH）含量（P<0.01），显著提高了睾酮（T）含量（P<0.05）；3）试验46～90 d时，6 g/kg牛磺酸显著降低了种公猪精浆丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05），显著提高了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力（P<0.05），4 g/kg牛磺酸显著提高了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活力（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮中长期添加牛磺酸可以调控种公猪血清激素含量，增加精浆抗氧化能力，进而增强种公猪性欲，提高种公猪精液品质，本试验条件下牛磺酸适宜添加水平为6 g/kg。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加稀土壳糖胺螯合盐（rare earth-chitosan chelate，RECC）对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质消化率及粪中微生物菌群的影响。试验选取240头28日龄健康纯种大白仔猪，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复15头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.02%、0.03%和0.04% RECC的饲粮。试验期28 d。结果显示：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加0.02%和0.03% RECC显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重和平均日采食量（P0.05），但有降低大肠杆菌数的趋势。综上所述，饲粮中添加RECC可以通过提高断奶仔猪体内的激素含量、调节微生物平衡，进而改善仔猪的生长、免疫等功能，且RECC在断奶仔猪中较为适宜的添加量为0.02%。
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