Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： L igularia virgaurea i s one of the original plants of the Tibetan medicine Rixiao for the trearment of clearing heat and removing yellow water. In order t o study the chemical constituents and anti inflammatory activity of L. virgaurea , the compounds were separated by silica gel , Sephadex LH-20 gel, ODS gel column chromatography and other column chromatography technologies. The structures of all isolates were identified by spectroscopic methods (NMR and HR ESI MS)MS). T he ir inhibitory activity of the compounds on nitric oxide (NO) w as determined by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW26 4 7 cell model. The results were as follows: (1) Twenty one compounds were separated and identified from petroleum ether and n butanol extracts of L. virgaurea , including spiroeuryolide 1 )), cacalol ac etate 2 )), o plopenone 3 )), 8 ethyl palmosalide A 4 )), 1 hydroxy 3,7 dimethyl 2 --(pent 3 enyl)benzofuran 5 syringaresinol O β D gluco pyrano side 6 ), pinoresinol O β D gluco pyrano side 7 ), isoeucommin A 8 )), eucommin A 9 6,7 dimethoxycoumarin 10 )), fer ulic acid 11 ethyl caffeate 12 methyl caffeate 13 ), methyl ferul ate 14 ), ethyl ferulate 15 ), caffeic acid 16 ), 2 --[( E 3′,7′ d imethyl 2′,6′ octadienyl] 4 methoxy 6 methylphenol ( 1 7 2,8 dimethyl 6 methoxy 2 --(4 methylpent 3 enyl) chromene 1 8 β s itosterol 19 ), dodecyl(Z)-9-hexadecenoate (2020) and hexacosanal 21 Compounds 1 4 , 6 , 11 16 , 18 , 2 0 , 21 were isolated from the whole herbs of L virgaurea for the first time . (2) The anti inflammatory activity in vitro showed that compounds 1 3 6 11 16 , 17 19 could significantly inhibited releases of NO at concentration ranging from 1.56 to 50.00 μmol·L 1 P < 0.05 or P < C ompound 5 had no inhibitory release of NO at a concentration of 50.00 μmol·L 1 , but it could inhibit releases of NO a t concentration of 12.50 and 25.00 μmol·L 1 P < This finding enriches the chemical composition and biological activity research of L. virgaurea and provides a certain foundation for the future development and utilization of its anti inflammatory ac tivity.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Xiaohui
ZHANG Jianqiang
NING Kun
WANG Xiaojia
KANG Juqing
QIU Linfeng
LI Yali
LIU Xiaoying
YUE Ming
Abstract： Based on the references of natural reserves in Shaanxi P rovince field survey, and digitized herbarium specimens provided by China V irtual Herbarium (CVH), the resource and conservation status of species listed in national key protected wild plants ( (2021 version ) distributed in Shaanxi Province was investigated and analyzed in present study, and it can provide a scientific basis for future research on in situ and ex situ conservation . The results were as follows : (1) A total of 104 species (including subspecies and variety) were belonged to 38 families, 67 genera were distributed in Shaanxi province, including 3 species of Lycophytes, 6 species and 2 varieties of Gymnosperms, and 85 species, 1 subspecies and 10 varieties of Angiosperms, representing 2.88%, 6.73% and 90.38% of the total NKPWPs respectively. (2) The number of the NKPWPs represent ed about 18.18%, 5.09%, and 2% of families, genera and species respectively of the total vascular plant in Shaanxi P rovince . (3) Among 104 species of NKPWPs , 26 species listed in the last version (1999) ha d been protected , and 24 species were ever listed and protected as local protected wild plants , and a total of 54 additional species were not protected at all before, accounting for 52% of the total NKPWPs, e.g. Phalaenopsis zhejiangensis, Dendrobium flexicaule and Paeonia rockii. The endangered status analysis showed that 5 species are Critically Endangered (CR), representing 4.81%, 22 species were Endangered (EN) and 22 were Vulnerable (VU), representing 24.04% of the total NKPWPsNKPWPs. (4) Qinling-Bashan region was a concentrated distribution area of NKPWPsNKPWPs, about 60 species were distributed in Zhenping County, accounting for 57.69% of the total, and 47 species were distributed in both Pingli and Foping counties; contrast to it, few species found in the north area of Shaanxi Province. (5) There were 249 reserves in Shaanxi Province, including the natural reserve (national and provincial), wetland parks and forest parks, and about 70 species representing 67.31% of NKPWPs had been effectively protected in these areas. We suggest: (1) investigate the resources, distribution and status of the additional species of NKPWPs in Shaanxi Province Province, especially focus on the 54 species which are not previously protected; (2) facilitate the regional botanical gardens in the Loess Plateau area of Shaanxi Province; (3) dynamic monitor and update data of NKPWPs in natural reserves, so as to provide a scientific and valuable reference for in situ and ex situ conservation in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Shunwei
LI Jinghan
YANG Xiaobo
LI Donghai
WANG Chongyang
ZHU Zicheng
JIANG Yuexin
HE Yiqi
Shang Naiyan
DU Chunyan
LIU Chang
ZHONG Iishuang
SU Xin
Abstract： In order to reveal the distribution and habitat characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, this paper selected national key protected wild plants, based on the 2021 edition of the List of national key protected wild plants th rough field surveys, researched the distribution of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province and their type of vegetation. The results were as follows : (1) T here were a total of 53 families, 83 genera and 173 species of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, ranking fifth in the number of species and first in the density of species in China (based on the current data base of wild). (2) A ll 19 counties and municipalities in Hainan Province had national key protected wild plants, and the number of species in the central and the south of the cities/counties is much larger than that in the north, with the largest species richness in Changjiang Li Autonomous County (75 species), and the highest species density in Lingshui Li Autonomou s County (0.60 4 5 ind.•km 2 ); T he number of species of national key protected wild plants was distributed in nine gradients (with a gradient value of 200 m) from 0 to 1 867 m above sea level, and there were a trend of slightly decreased very rapidly increa sed slowly decreased, with the highest number of species distributed in the elevation band. When 800 m Altitude < 1 000 m and 1 000 m Altitude < 1 200 m, there was 81 national key protected wild plant species, while only 9 species in the segment 1 600 m Altitude < 1 867 m (3) The habitats of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province were complex ed , rel ied on a total of 11 vegetation types, among which the lowland rainforest ha d the highest species richness (114 species), followed by mountain rainforest (105 species) and the semi mangrove forest (1 species); and the most severely externally disturbed is freshwater wet grassland, followed by lowland rainforest, and the least is m ontane cloud forest. The results of the study can provide scientific reference for the conservation and utilization of national key protected wild p lants in Hainan Province.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Rare and endangered wild plants are important s trategic resources and an essential component of biodiversity conservation. Grasping the diversity and geographic distribution of key protected plants in Jiangxi Province is a key step in developing scientific conservation and management at the provincial scale. Based on combined checklist of the Nat ional Key P rotected W ild P lants (NKPWP, 2021) and the checklist of the K ey P rotected W ild P lants in Jiangxi Province (KPWP, 2005), and digitized herbarium specimens provided by the National Specimen Information Infrastructure (NSII), the diversity, geograp hic distribution, and conservation profile of these plants found in Jiangxi P rovince are analyzed. T he results are as follows : (1) Total of 148 species of NKPWP (including intraspecies taxa), spanning 89 genera and 47 families, are found in Jiangxi provinc e . (2 ) Total of 407 species, belonging to 85 families and 208 genera, are recognized as the key protected plants in Jiangxi province, including 16 species of lycopods and ferns (9 families and 10 genera); 26 species of gymnosperms (6 families and 17 genera), and 365 species of angiosperms (70 families and 181 genera ). 3 ) Among of these species, 60.9 % of them are protected within 32 national and provincial natural reserves; 70.5 % of them are conserved ex situ in 67 Chinese botanic gardens . 4 ) T he hotspots of the key protected wild plants are identified, including mountains and its adjacent areas of Lushan , Jiuling, Wugong , Jinggang , Dayuling , Jiulian and Wuyi. The distribution pattern of hotspots is generally consistent with the range s of five key protected areas of biodiversity conservation in Jiangxi Province. The issues of the species included in the checklist of the key protected wild plants of Jiangxi Province (2005) were discussed, and the 6E principles of the priority selection of key protec ted wild plants at province level and the related suggestions to strengthen the research on provincial protected plants were proposed.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Seedling is the most important stage during the life history of plant and plays a critical role in the forest regeneration. We studied the species composition seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of tree seedlings in the 20 hm 2 Ailaosha n forest dynamics plot . The forest dynamics plot was built in a mid mountain moist evergreen broad leaved forest in the Ailaoshan. Within the 20 hm 2 plot, we established 450 seedling quadrats of size 1 m × 1 m . We investigated the species composition, seas onal recruitment, seasonal mortality and spatial distribution of tree seedlings for four years ( from 2019 to 2022). The results were as follows: 1 We recorded a total of 2 928 seedlings of 58 species belonging to 42 genera and 26 families. There were 817 recruits of 47 species and 1 181 dead seedlings of 50 species. (2) The i mportance val u e s of tree seedlings varied among different tree species across years . Symplocos ramosissima and Machilus bombycina were t he dominant species, with importan ce values con sistently in the top 2 in four years while the importan ce value of the pioneer species Viburnum cyclindricum decline d continuously (3) W e didn't find significant differences in species richness, average species richness in a quadrat, species diversity S hannon Wiener index, Simpson index) index), abundance, recruits, recruitment rate, mortality and mortality rate of tree seedlings between different seasons. 4 The majority of species exhibited restricted distribution within the plot, wh ile only a few species di splayed a broader distribution across the plot. Topography was found to determine the distribution and diversity of tree seedlings with higher species richness, density and diversity (Shannon Wiener index and Simpson index) in the flat topography compared to the ridge and valley of the plot . T hese findings suggest that we don't find significant differences in community composition, recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings between different seasons. Topography influences the spatial distribution and diver sity of tree seedlings. The present study reveals the dynamics of recruitment and mortality of tree seedlings and provide the theoretical basis for biodiversity conservation and forest management.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics Subjects: Biology >> Radiobiology submitted time 2024-05-06
Abstract： Manned spaceflight and nuclear technology applications are running on a highway in China today. The radiation and nuclear safety will continue to be a major national demand in a long term. Thus, the continuous observation of new radiation protection molecular targets and related drugs is of great value to us. Our previous study has found that the circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGFBP-3) showed a significant increase after total body exposure of mice to ionizing radiation. However, the function of IGFBP-3 and the effects of it level change on radiation induced damages are still unclear. In this study, we set up the Igfbp3 gene overexpression and knock-down cell models in mouse Kupffer (MKC) cells. The CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, clone formation assay and microsphere phagocytosis experiment were performed for investing the proliferation activity, DNA replication activity and phagocytic ability of different cell models after carbon-ion irradiation. Moreover，mice were tail vein injected with recombinant IGFBP-3 protein at 2 hours before 5 Gy carbon-ion irradiation, and the survival curves of mice were drawn. The results showed that overexpression of IGFBP-3 protein significantly alleviated the radiation-induced decrease of the DNA replication activity, cell viability, clone formation rate, and phagocytic ability of MKC cells. On the contrary, the knock-down of IGFBP-3 protein expression reduced the above results. Injection of IGFBP-3 protein before carbon-ion exposure significantly delayed the time of death in mice. Our results indicate at the cellular and animal levels that IGFBP-3 protein has the potential to reduce radiation-induced damages and serve as a target for radiation protection. Through enhancing the radiation resistance and phagocytic ability of Kupffer cells in mice to reduce the risk of infection after radiation exposure might be the underlying mechanism of the effects of IGFBP-3 on radiation protection.
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry submitted time 2024-04-24
Abstract： How to differentiate the diagnosis of depression and bipolar disorder has always been an important problem that needs to be solved urgently in clinical practice. In this study, from the perspective of urine proteomics, urine samples of similar age were collected from two hospitals to investigate the candidate biomarkers for differentiating the diagnosis of depression and bipolar disorder using both group analysis and one-to-many analysis. The experimental results of the paired group analysis showed that 108 differential proteins were identified in the depressed group compared to the bipolar group under strict screening conditions with screening criteria of FC ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5 and a two-tailed unpaired t-test of P < 0.01, with an average of 3.7 randomly generated differential proteins, and a confidence level of 96.6 % for the correlation between these proteins and the disease difference. In the one-to-many analysis, 24 differential proteins were co-identified by the samples of 13 depressed patients, 16 of which showed a completely consistent trend of expression changes in all depressed patients studied, and 6 of which were associated with immunoglobulins; 41 differential proteins were co-identified by the samples of 12 depressed patients out of 13, and 19 of which showed a completely consistent trend of expression change in the These results reflect the strong consistency of differential proteins between the two groups of patients. 12 or more samples from depressed patients were enriched for differential proteins related to multiple biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune system, which is consistent with previous studies: immune mechanisms may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of major depression and that drugs with major immune targets can improve depressive symptoms. In the future, it may be possible to observe the immune status of patients with depression to provide direction and basis for the precise treatment of depression. The results of this paper show that urine proteomics can differentiate between depression and bipolar disorder, suggest possible mechanisms and potential targets for the treatment of depression and bipolar disorder, and provide a tool for future differential diagnosis and precision treatment of the diseases.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： With the intensification of human activities and global climate change, biological species loss has being rapidly accelerated. Ex situ conservation of plants is a crucial approach for preserving plant diversity and will play a central role in the establishment of the National Botanical Garden System of China. However, issues regarding the concept and range of the ex situ conservation of plants, and China’s rare and endangered plants, as well as the goals for ex situ conservation of plants in China, are still under discussions. Thus, the concept of the ex situ conservation of plants, the scope of the China’s rare and endangered plants, the differences between the threatened plants in China Red List of Biodiversity, the National Key Protected Wild Plants of China and the Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations (PSESP), as well as the specific targets for China’s ex situ conservation of plants have been thoroughly discussed and clarified in this paper. In addition, three issues related to China’s ex situ conservation of plants are examined and also the specific suggestions are proposed, including the effectiveness of ex situ conservation of plants, the documentation of plant collection, introduction and conservation information, as well as the development and management of National Botanical Gardens of China. This review provides a theoretical basis for the ex situ conservation of plants in China.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The classification of Mussaenda L. has been controversial due to the complex interspecific variation and hybridization within the genus, by exploring the variation patterns and taxonomical significance of the leaf venation characteristics between Mussaenda L. and its relative genera (Schizomussaenda Li and Psudomussaenda Wernham.), it could be provide data for the identification and utilization when they were regarded as the medical and garden plant resources. The leaf venation characteristics of 22 species of this group were observed by using the cleaning method. The cluster analysis was carried out based on the characteristics of leaf venation, and a classification retrieval table of the species was compiled. The results were as follows: (1) The characteristics of the leaf venation of Mussaenda L. and its relative genera had consistency, which were mainly reflected on that the primary veins were all pinnate, the frequency of intersecondary veins was less than one per areolation, the angle between the major secondary veins and the midvein was acute, the tertiary veins were mostly penetrating, and the arrangement of the areolation were all irregular. (2) The characteristics of the leaf venation with taxonomic value among genera or species within genera included the type of major secondary vein venation, the angle between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the spacing between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the connection between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the existence of inter-secondary veins and intramarginal secondary veins, the penetration of intercostal tertiary veins, the type of quaternary veins, the branching of freely ending veinlets, and the development of areolation. (3) According to the cluster analysis, the 22 species were clustered into 12 branches, and Schizomussaenda and Psudomussaenda were not clustered into one branch respectively, showing a relatively close genetic relationship. In conclusion, the leaf venation characteristics of Mussaenda and its related taxa can provide new information for the classification of the plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To probe into the impacts of organ cadmium accumulation on endophytic bacteria in Blumea balsamifera, the methods of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region and molecular ecological network analysis were employed to study the effects of Cd accumulation in roots, stems and leaves of B. balsamifera on the community characteristics of endophytic bacteria under different exogenous cadmium treatments (0 and 2.0 mg·kg-1). The results were as follows: (1) In comparison with the control group without exogenous cadmium addition (0 mg·kg- 1, Cd0), the treatment group with cadmium spiking in soils (2.0 mg·kg-1, Cd2) promoted plant growth and the cumulative Cd contents in root, stem and leaf, with the order of leaf (16.75 mg·kg- 1) > stem (11.99 mg·kg-1) > root (3.96 mg·kg-1). (2) Alpha diversity analysis showed that the endophytic bacteria richness (Sobs, Ace and Chao indices) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) for organs were the highest in roots, followed by stems and leaves under Cd0 and Cd2 treatments. Additionally, the indices of richness and diversity of endophytic bacteria for each organ under Cd2 treatment were superior to those under Cd0. (3) At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes were the dominant bacterial phyla in all the organs for both treatments; At the genus level, Delftia was the main bacterial genus with the relative abundance ranged from 53.0% to 92.7% and 57.1% to 89.2% in the plant organs of Cd0 and Cd2, respectively; Certain similarities existed among the endophytic bacterial community structures of roots, stems and leaves of B. balsamifera, and Cd2 increased the proportion of mutual endophytic bacterial genera in roots, stems and leaves and that of unique endophytic ones in each organ (except the root). (4) LDA Effect Size analysis showed that there existed the differences on endophytic bacterial genera residing in different organs within a group and also the same organ between groups. (5) Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the contents of rhizosphere soil Cd and plant organ Cd were significantly correlated with the composition of endophytic bacterial community. (6) Co-occurrence network analysis clarified that cadmium accumulation in B. balsamifera complicated the interaction network of endophytic bacteria occurring in root and leaf, and enhanced the competition among endophytic bacterial species in root and stem, and the symbiosis in leaf. In summary, exogenous Cd treatment affected the community structure and interaction mode of endophytic bacteria in B. balsamifera organs.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The taxonomy of Tacca remains controversial. Schizocapsa guangxiensis is considered to be the same species as T. plantanginea, but some taxonomists classify them into different species based on their morphological differences. In order to clarify the genetic differences and phylogenetic relationship between S. guangxiensis and T. plantanginea, this study conducted high-throughput DNA sequencing of S. guangxiensis, assembled a complete chloroplast genome using bioinformatics software, and compared it with the published T. plantanginea chloroplast genome. The results showed that: (1) The chloroplast genome size of S. guangxiensis and T. plantanginea is 162 149 bp and 160 749 bp, respectively, and they have the same GC content (36.90%). Notably, the gene types and gene amount are exactly the same in these two species, including 89 proteincoding genes and 37 tRNA genes, and 6 rRNA genes. (2) Codon preference analysis shows that there are certain differences in the codon frequencies used by the two species, but they both prefer codons ending in A/T(U). (3) Compared with T. plantanginea, the SSC boundary of S. guangxiensis has obvious expansion, which is the main factor leading to the length variant in chloroplast genome between the two species. (4) There are some sequence divergences between S. guangxiensis and T. plantanginea in the LSC and SSC regions, especially the intergenic region, which can be exploited as species-specific molecular marker. (5) Phylogenetic results show that S. guangxiensis and T. plantanginea have a rather distant genetic relationship. Although S. guangxiensis is placed in Tacca, they belong to two different species. This study enriches the genetic information of the chloroplast genome of S. guangxiensis and provides a theoretical basis for species classification, genetic diversity analysis and species protection of S. guangxiensis.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Leaves are the largest and more sensitive vegetative organs exposed to external environmental conditions. In this paper, we aim to investigate the effects of arid habitat on the leaf anatomical structure of wetland plants, Carex moorcroftii leaf plots were set up along the gradient of arid habitat, and the response of leaf anatomical structure to arid habitat was investigated. The results were as follows: (1) The epidermal cells, vesicular cells and air cavity area on the distal surface of leaf tip and leaf bottom, leaf thickness and mechanical tissue thickness at leaf bottom were significantly positively correlated with soil volumetric moisture content (R2=0.06-0.34, P<0.01); The thickness of the cuticle, cell area, number of vascular bundles, and diameter of vascular bundles on the proximal axial surface of leaf apical, mesophyll, and basal regions were significantly negatively correlated with soil volumetric moisture content (R2=0.08-0.53, P<0.01). (2) The anatomical structure of leaf blade of C. moorcroftii had great plasticity (0.53-0.94) and variability (18%-63%), and vesicular cells, air cavities, and epidermal cells of the proximal axial surface had the greatest plasticity and variability, and the plasticity index and the coefficient of variation of the anatomical structure of the leaf bottom were significantly higher than that of the leaf tip and the middle part of the leaf (P<0.05). The plasticity of cuticle thickness and epidermal cell area on the proximal axial surface was significantly greater than that on the distal axial surface (P<0.05). When the habitat was aridified, C. moorcroftii leaves adapt to the arid habitat by thickening the cuticle on the proximal axial surface, increasing the epidermal cell area, decreasing the area of air cavities, and differentiating vesicular cells, and mainly adopted protective and frugal strategies to adapt to the arid habitat. The results of this study are helpful to reveal the response strategies of C. moorcroftii leaf anatomical structure to arid habitat, and provide theoretical reference for the protection and vegetation restoration of alpine meadow.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Mangrove forests, characterized by high photosynthetic rates and low light compensation point, exhibit high Gross Primary Production (GPP), an important component of "blue carbon". Accurate estimation of regional GPP and quantification of its limiting factors are greatly significant for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals. In this paper, we estimated the GPP of mangrove ecosystems in Hainan Island from 2016 to 2020 based on the Mangrove Vegetation Photosynthesis Light Use Efficiency (MVP-LUE) model using Sentinel-2 imagery and environmental data; and we also explored the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of GPP and its driving mechanism. The results were as follows: (1) During the study period, the annual GPP of mangrove ecosystems on Hainan Island showed an increasing trend, with higher GPP in the eastern than western regions and northern than southern regions. The mangroves distributed over a large area in northeastern Hainan Island dominate the temporal variation patterns at the whole island scale. However, distinct differences exist in the temporal dynamics across different regions of the mangrove ecosystem in Hainan Island. (2) In terms of the formation mechanism, the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of GPP of mangrove ecosystems on Hainan Island was driven by a combination of multiple meteorological factors. Seasonally within each year, during the transition from the dry season to rainy season, GPP was higher due to lower limitation from air temperature (Tair), and the promoting effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and sea surface temperature; in the middle of the dry season, low Tair imposed a serious limitation on GPP, but this Tair limitation was weakened with decreasing latitude. In the rainy season, higher cloud cover resulted in PAR becoming a limiting factor for GPP. At the end of the paper, we discussed the uncertainties and limitations of MVP-LUE, and the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of mangrove ecosystem GPP not only be constrained by environmental factors, but species composition and forest age structure can also be driving factors. The results of this study provide basic data to assess the contribution of regional mangrove forests to the global carbon cycle, and theoretical support to reveal the key environmental factors affecting mangrove ecosystem carbon dynamics.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the structural features of Artemisia parviflora chloroplast genome and its systematic position. We employed high-throughput sequencing technology for genome sequencing and analyzed by bioinformatics tools. The results were as follows: (1) The chloroplast genome of A. parviflora was 151 047 bp, with a typical circular double-stranded tetrad structure, and the GC content was 37.5%. (2) Total 115 unique genes were annotated, including 81 protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes. (3) Sixty-eight simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 37 long repeat sequences were detected. (4) The codon usage bias was weak in the A. parviflora chloroplast genome, and natural selection mainly contributed to the codon usage bias. High-frequency codons tend to ended with A/U. (5) There was no obvious expansion or contraction of the inverted repeat (IR) regions. Five high variation regions (trnH–psbA, rpl16–rps3, ycf15–trnL-UAG, ndhA, and ycf1) were identified which could be used as potential molecular markers for identifying Subgen. Dracunculus species. (6) Phylogenetic analysis revealed the systematic position of A. parviflora within Subgen. Dracunculus and elucidated the phylogenetic relationships among the various subgenera of Artemisia. This study lays the foundation for future molecular marker development and phylogenetic research of Artemisia species.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important food crop in tropical and subtropical regions. Sugar transporter proteins SWEETs facilitate the flow of sugar between cells and play an important role in plant growth and development. In order to clarify the function of SWEET family genes in cassava, KU50 was used as material in this study, and the gene characteristics of MeSWEET17b were studied by gene cloning, bioinformatics analysis, subcellular localization, in vitro yeast detection and RT-qPCR. The results showed as follows: (1) The open reading frame of MeSWEET17b was 726 bp, encoding 242 amino acids, and located in the plasma membrane. MeSWEET17b had the closest genetic relationship with AtSWEET16 and AtSWEET17, containing 7 transmembrane domains, and belonging to hydrophobic protein. (2) MeSWEET17b mainly transport fructose. (3) The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expression profile of MeSWEET17b in stem was basically consistent with in petiole, and the expression level was the highest at maturity. The expression level of MeSWEET17b was relatively low in leaves, and highly expressed in the expansion stage of tuberous root, while decreased rapidly with the growth of tuberous roots. (4) The KU50 seedlings were subjected to abiotic stress such as high salt (8 g·L-1 NaCl), drought (100 mmol·L-1 mannitol), oxidation (10 % H2O2) and cold (15 ℃ for 24 h, then dropped to 4 ℃ for 24 h). RT-qPCR showed that the expression of MeSWEET17b in leaves and stems had the greatest difference under drought stress. The expression of MeSWEET17b in leaves and fibrous roots changed most significantly under salt stress. However, under oxidation and cold stress, the expression of MeSWEET17b in fibrous root showed a leap increase, while the expression in petiole increased significantly with treatment time. This study provides a reliable reference for further studying the molecular mechanism of sugar transporter SWEETs gene in cassava.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Firmiana pulcherrima is not only an endemic species in China but also a national grade second-level key protected plant. It is naturally distributed in the tropical rainforest area of central Hainan. To explore the survival status, development trend and the main reasons for its endangerment of the population, this paper conducted a field investigation on the natural population of F. pulcherrima in Diaoluo Mountain. The age-class structure of the population was constructed by replacing time with space. The population structure characteristics and dynamic change rules were analyzed through methods such as static life table and dynamic quantitative analysis, and the future development potential of the population was predicted by time series model. The results were as follows: (1) The population of F. pulcherrima was a growing type. The number dynamic index of entire population structure when ignoring external interference Vpi is greater than the number dynamic index of entire population structure when considering external interference V′pi, and both are greater than 0. The maximum risk probability of population to completely random disturbance Pmax was 1.82%. The population has a complete age structure, weak anti-interference ability, poor growth and stability. (2)The life expectancy of the population reached the maximum at the second age class, and then decreased with the increase of age class. Mortality and vanish rates peaked at age I, VII and IX. The survival curve was Deevey-III type. (3)Survival analysis showed that the population decreased sharply in the early stage and tended to be stable in the mid-late stages. (4)After 3,6 and 9 age classes in the future, the number of individuals in the remaining age classes increased except for the IV and VIII age classes. The population has strong natural regeneration ability. Consequently, strong light environment screening and interspecific competition are the main reasons for the endangerment of F. pulcherrima. It is suggested to take measures such as moderately thinning and pruning, strengthening population and habitat protection, actively carrying out artificial breeding and returning population expansion to promote the growth and recovery of the population.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Vatica guangxiensis is a national first-class protected wild plant and extremely small populations wild plant. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and structural features of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings and adult trees. The Li-6400 portable photosynthesis measurement system analyzer and vacuum electron scanning microscope were utilized to investigate the differences between the photosynthetic capacity and leaf structure of leaves at different stages of growth and development. The results were as follows: (1) The right-angled hyperbolic modified model was the best model to fit the light response of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings and adult plants. (2) The maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pnmax), light saturation point (LSP) and dark respiration rate (Rd) of adult leaves were significantly higher than those of seedlings, the light compensation point (LCP) of adult plants was lower than that of seedlings(P<0.05). (3) Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoids in seedlings were significantly lower than in adult plants(P<0.05). (4) The stomatal long axis, stomatal organ area and stomatal density of adult plants were significantly higher than those of seedlings; the leaf area and specific leaf weight (SLW) of adult plants were significantly larger than seedling (P<0.05), and the specific leaf area (SLA) was smaller than seedling. In summary, Vatica guangxiensis exhibits photosynthetic characteristics of a shade-loving seedling and a sun-loving adult tree. The seedlings have weak light adaptation ability and light energy utilization, and are unable to photosynthesize sufficiently to meet their growth needs due to excessive shading by adult trees. This is a significant reason why seedlings are unable to grow into large trees. Therefore, for insitu conservation of Vatica guangxiensis, human interference can be used to artificially create ‘windows’ in the tree layer to provide sufficient light sources. This is conducive to the growth of Vatica guangxiensis seedlings into large trees and the renewal of the population. On the other hand, for the introductory cultivation of Vatica guangxiensis, the seedlings need to be appropriately shaded and transplanted to a certain degree of shade. During the initial cultivation process, it is important to provide appropriate shading for seedlings and transplant them to an environment with a suitable level of shade.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Expansin (EXP) plays an important role in plant response to environmental stress by regulating cell wall relaxation. To explore the role of EXP genes in soybean response to abiotic stress, two soybean EXP genes (GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7) and their protein sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics, and their expression levels were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results were as follows: (1) The GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were located on chromosomes 10 and 12 of soybean, and encoded proteins containing 272 and 267 amino acids, respectively. The molecular weight of GmEXPB5 protein was 29.07 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.51. The molecular weight of GmEXPB7 protein was 29.09 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.66. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were stable hydrophilic proteins localized in the cell wall. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 proteins contained a signal peptide sequence and a conserved DPBB_1 domain. (2) GmEXPB5 was closely related to CaEXPB15 of chickpea, and GmEXPB7 was closely related to EXPB3 of chickpea, red bean and cowpea. (3) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were expressed in soybean roots, stems and leaves, and their expression levels in roots and leaves were significantly higher than those in stems. (4) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could respond to salt, drought and cold stresses in soybean seedlings. (5) The promoter region of GmEXPB5 contained two types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE and ARE). The promoter region of GmEXPB7 contained five types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE、ARE、CGTCA-motif、TC-rich repeats and MBS). These results indicated that GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could participate in the response of soybean to abiotic stress.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the effect of exogenous polyamines (PAs) on embryogenic callus (EC) proliferation and somatic embryogenesis of litchi, the morphology, structure, endogenous PA content and related enzyme activities were systematically investigated using the ‘Feizixiao’ ECs as materials subcultured on the medium supplemented with various PAs. The results were as follows: (1) The exogenous putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm) treatment significantly increased the EC proliferation rate and reduced the amount of induced somatic embryos and regenerated plantlets. The proliferated embryogenic cells after exogenous PA treatments were more consistent in size and stained deeply and evenly. Furthermore, multicellular proembryos in EC were reduced, and fully differentiated early cotyledon embryos could be seen. (2) All the exogenous PA treatments significantly increased the endogenous PA content in EC. Among them, Put treatment had the highest content of each endogenous PA component and total PA. When the EC proliferated on the medium containing exogenous PAs was transferred to the medium without exogenous PAs (M3) for proliferating, the Put content in the EC was still significantly higher than the control, however, the endogenous Spd and Spm were significantly decreased. (3) Exogenous Put treatment significantly increased the activities of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), arginine decarboxylase (ADC), and diamine oxidase (DAO) in EC, while exogenous Spd and Spm treatments significantly reduced the activities of ADC and DAO in EC, and exogenous Spd significantly increased PAO activity. When transferred to the M3 medium, the ADC and DAO activities of newly proliferated EC were significantly lower than those of EC cultured with exogenous PAs, but there was no significant difference in ODC and PAO activities. In summary, the exogenous PAs can affect endogenous PA content by regulating the activity of enzymes related to polyamine metabolism, thereby affecting EC proliferation and somatic embryo induction in litchi. These results would provide a basis for further study on the mechanism of PAs regulating litchi regeneration in vitro.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate and clarify the aroma components and contents of different varieties of Guizhou rabbit-eye blueberries, this study used headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS) methods to analyze the aroma component content of the main rabbit-eye blueberry grown in Guizhou, such as ‘Coastal’, ‘Britewell’, ‘Climax’, ‘Tifblue’ and ‘Powderblue’. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 46 aroma components in 7 categories were detected in the 5 varieties, including 8 types of alcohols, 13 types of terpens, 9 types of benzenes, 3 types of aldehydes, 5 types of esters, 4 types of alkanes, and 4 types of others. (2) ‘Climax’ has the most aroma components with 33, while ‘Powderblue’ has the least with only 24; among the aroma components of each variety, aldehydes account for the largest proportion, followed by benzenes, with ‘Britewell’ having the highest content of aldehydes (59.32%) and ‘Powderblue’ the highest content of benzenes (42.58%). (3) Among the five varieties, ‘Coastal’ has the highest total content of aroma components, at 172 872.20 ng‧g-1, followed by ‘Britewell’ at 162 200.87 ng‧g-1; ‘Coastal’ and ‘Powderblue’ have lower total aroma component contents, at 91 284.45 ng‧g-1 and 97 511.10 ng‧g-1, respectively. The significant differences in aroma components and contents among these five rabbit-eye blueberry varieties provide an important basis for the selection of blueberry varieties and the choice of raw materials.
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