Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The Quercus subsect. Campylolepides contains three species: Q. acutissima Carruth., Q. variabilis Blume and Q. chenii Nakai, which is the East Asian clade of Quercus section Cerris. Species formation and phylogeography of whole subsection or species within the subsection have been studied in detail. It was also found that the Q. section Cerris had an ancient gene introgression with the Q. section Ilex, which led to the plastid capture. However, the specific evolutionary history of plastids in Q. subsect. Campylolepides and Q. section Ilex remains unclear. Our study performed low-coverage whole genome sequencing on 15 samples from Q. section Ilex and integrated previously published data from Q. subsect. Campylolepides and its relatives, resulting in a total of 325 resequencing data, of which 276 individuals were from three Q. subsect. Campylolepides species and 19 populations. We assembled 325 plastids to perform phylogeographic analysis. The results were as follows: (1) There are shared haplotypes among three species of Q. subsect. Campylolepides, but the plastid haplotypes of the entire Q. Subsect.Campylolepides form a monophyletic branch nested within the Q. section Ilex species which are distributed from central China to Liangshan, Sichuan. (2) A relict haplotype of Q. subsection. Campylolepides from the Liaodong Peninsula clustered with Q. pseudosetulosa Q.S.Li & T.Y.Tu, a specie of the Q. section Ilex. (3) Both plastid capture events occurred in the middle Miocene, after which no plastid capture occurred between Quercus Subsect. Campylolepides and Quercus section Ilex. It is hypothesized that Q. subsect. Campylolepides and Q. section Ilex have formed almost complete reproductive isolation.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The Salvia is the largest genus of the Lamiaceae. Several species of Salvia are used as traditional Chinese medicine, as well as ornamental species. To explore the evolution pattern of species in Hengduan Mountains at the cytological level and to discuss the taxonomic relationship between morphological taxonomy and molecular systematics, this study is based on extensive collection of chromosome literature and the karyotypes of 6 species(8 populations) of Salvia collected from Hengduan Mountains were analyzed by using conventional plant pressing method, and the chloroplast phylogenetic trees of Salvia distributed in China were constructed. The statistical results were as follows: (1) About 23% of the chromosome data of Salvia have been reported all over the world, in which the chromosome reporting rate of Salvia in China is 32.10%. The reporting rate of Salvia in Hengduan Mountains is 40.54%. (2) The chromosome basic number of Salvia are mainly x = 8 and x = 11, and the chromosome cardinal numbers of Salvia plants distributed in China are x = 8. The experimental results were as follows: (1) The karyotype data of S. wardii is reported for the first time. (2) The diploid population of S. evansiana is found for the first time in Deqen, Yunnan. The chromosome evolutionary association analysis was carried out by combining cytological data with chloroplast evolution tree, and it was demonstrated that polyploidy may not be the main mechanism of Salvia adapting to high altitude environment. It shows that polyploid is not the main evolutionary pathway of Salvia plants species formation, but mainly at the level of diploid. So we speculated that the doubling of genome may be one of the reasons for the inconsistency between species morphology taxology and molecular phylogeny taxology. This study enriches the chromosome karyotype data of Salvia in Hengduan Mountains, discusses the evolutionary relationship of chromosome characteristics combined with regional molecular phylogenetic tree, it has made exploration for further study of the karyotype evolution of Salvia plants in the future. And it complements the basic data for the deduction and analysis of the chromosome cardinal number of ancestral species.
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