Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-06-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is a typical tropical cash crop that is not chilling-tolerant. Low temperature stress seriously affects the quality and yield of pitaya. It is an efficient and safe method to apply exogenous natural substances to improve the chilling tolerance of plants. Salicylic acid (SA) not only regulates many physiological and biochemical processes such as seed germination, growth, fruiting and senescence, but also helps plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of exogenous SA in chilling tolerance of pitaya has not been reported. To explore the effect of exogenous SA on the morphology structure and physiology of pitaya seedlings under low temperature, the leaves of "Zihonglong" seedlings were sprayed with SA at four concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 mmol·L-1). 48 h after spraying, seedlings were incubated at 4 °C. The change in the morphology and leaf tissue structure of pitaya seedlings were observed at 0, 3, 6, and 9 d. Physiological indexes such as relative electrical conductivity, content of malondialdehyde, content of osmotic regulators (soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase) activity in leaves were measured. The results were as follows: (1) Under low temperature stress, pitaya seedlings showed chilling injury of grade 0, gradeⅠand gradeⅡ. The leaf shape, color and cell structure of pitaya with different chilling injury symptoms were quite different. The percentages of grade Ⅰand gradeⅡchilling injury of pitaya seedlings treated with SA were significantly reduced. (2) Compared with the low temperature control, SA treatment could reduce the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of pitaya leaves, and increase the content of osmotic regulators and antioxidant enzyme activities.(3) After comparing with different SA treatments, SA at 0.3 mmol·L-1 had the best effect on relieving chilling injury symptoms, reducing the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content, increasing the soluble sugar and proline content, and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase. The optimal SA concentrations for increasing soluble protein content, peroxidase activity and catalase activity were 0.7, 0.1 and 0.5 mmol·L-1, respectively. In summary, exogenous SA could alleviate chilling injury of pitaya seedlings under 4 °C, and had a positive physiological effect on improving chilling tolerance of seedlings. Exogenous SA at 0.3 mmol·L-1 was more suitable.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the effects of different supplemental light on physiological characteristics of pitaya stems, red, white and blue light were used as supplemental light source at night. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, chlorophyll, mitochondrial protein, mitochondrial membrane potential and three endogenous hormones (CTK, IAA, GA) were determined. The indicators of stem growth, flowering, fruit yield were counted. The results were as follows: Supplementing this three kinds of light could all increase the soluble protein content in pitaya stems, and the white light had the best effect; Supplementing this three kinds of light could all significantly increase soluble sugar content in pitaya stems, and the blue light had the best effect; Supplementing white light was beneficial to increase the content of chlorophyll a and b, and supplementing red light had no significant effect on it, while blue light would reduce its content; Supplementing white light and blue light could significantly reduce the CTK content, supplementing white and red light could significantly increase the IAA content, and supplementing red light and blue light could significantly increase the GA content; Supplementing white light could significantly reduce the mitochondrial protein content and the three kinds of supplement light had no obvious effect on the mitochondrial membrane potential; Supplementing the three kinds of light had no significant effect on the growth of pitaya stems, while supplementing red and white light could significantly increase the flower formation rate, and supplementing red light could significantly increase the fruit yield. Comprehensive analysis deemed that supplementing red light and white light had obvious promoting effect on the contents of metabolites, chlorophyll, endogenous hormones of pitaya stems, flower formation rate and fruit yield. The research results could provide a reference for a technology of light quality controlling to improve the growth and development pitaya plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加牛磺酸对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼生长性能、体组成和牛磺酸合成关键酶活性的影响。试验共配制4种等氮等脂的试验饲料，试验共配制4种等氮等脂的试验饲料，分别是含60%鱼粉的对照1饲料、含45%鱼粉的对照2饲料，含30%鱼粉且分别添加0.5%和1.0%牛磺酸的2种含牛磺酸饲料。选取健康、初始体重为（17.33±0.55） g的红鳍东方鲀幼鱼，随机分配到12个养殖桶中，每个养殖桶中投放25尾。将12个养殖桶随机分为4组，每组3个养殖桶，每组随机投喂1种试验饲料，持续投喂56 d。结果显示：1）各组存活率(SR)无显著差异(P>0.05)；特定生长率（SGR）以1.0%牛磺酸组最高，对照2组最低，但各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)；对照1组和0.5%牛磺酸组的饲料效率（FE）显著高于对照2组(P0.05)；各组蛋白质沉积率（PPV）、蛋白质效率（PER）、肝体比（HSI）、脏体比（VSI）和肥满度（CF）均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2）各组血清和肝脏中谷丙转氨酶（GPT）和谷草转氨酶（GOT）活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组肝脏中半胱氨酸双加氧酶（CDO）活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)，对照2组肝脏中半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶（CSD）活性显著高于对照1组、0.5%牛磺酸组和1.0%牛磺酸组(P0.05)。综合来看，饲料中添加0.5%或1.0%的牛磺酸可以减少30%的鱼粉用量而不显著影响红鳍东方鲀幼鱼的生长性能。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究江蓠、浒苔、藻渣和菌渣替代饲料中鱼粉对大菱鲆幼鱼生长性能、血清和肝脏生化指标、体组成和肠道组织结构的影响。试验共制成5种等氮等脂的饲料，首先配制含60%鱼粉的基础饲料（鱼粉组，作为对照组），然后分别将10%的江蓠、浒苔、藻渣、菌渣与植物蛋白质（谷朊粉、玉米蛋白粉和豆粕）配合后替代基础饲料中35%的鱼粉，投喂初始体重为（16.00±0.11） g的大菱鲆幼鱼77 d。结果表明：1）江蓠、藻渣和菌渣组的增重率、特定生长率与鱼粉组无显著差异(P>0.05)，浒苔组则显著低于鱼粉组(P0.05)，二者均显著高于浒苔、藻渣、菌渣组(P0.05)。2）江蓠、浒苔组的鱼体粗蛋白质含量显著低于鱼粉组(P0.05)，鱼粉组肝脏谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于江蓠和菌渣组(P0.05)。3）菌渣组的前肠和中肠皱襞高度显著高于鱼粉组(P0.05)。综合来看，将10%江蓠、藻渣和菌渣与植物蛋白质配合后替代饲料中35%的鱼粉对大菱鲆幼鱼的生长性能无不良影响，并且藻渣和菌渣对大菱鲆幼鱼的肠道组织结构有改善作用。
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