Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-07-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to explore the species and population distribution of endophytic fungi in Camellia luteoflora, as well as their inhibitory effects on plant pathogenic fungi, this study used tissue separation method to isolate and purify endophytic fungi in C. luteoflora. These fungi were identified based on morphology and molecular biology, and their diversity was evaluated through statistical analysis. The strains with antibacterial activity were screened out by the plate confrontation method. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 261 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from 324 C. luteoflora tissue samples, belonging to 1 phylum, 5 classes, 9 orders, and 22 genera. The dominant genera were Colletotrichum, Diaporthe and Pestalotiopsis with isolation frequencies of 21.84%, 16.86% and 10.34%, respectively. (2) The distribution of endophytic fungi in Camellia luteoflora varied in different seasons. The highest number of strains was isolated in winter (72 strains, accounting for 27.59%), which belonged to 16 genera; 62 strains were isolated in spring, belonging to 13 genera; 59 strains were isolated in summer, belonging to 15 genera; and 68 strains were isolated in autumn, belonging to 13 genera. The Shannon-Wiener index (H′), Simpson index (D), evenness index (E), and richness index (M) were highest in winter. The similarity of endophytic fungal species between spring and winter was higher, and the similarity between summer and autumn was higher. (3) The distribution of endophytic fungi also varied in different parts of C. luteoflora. The stem had the most abundant endophytic fungi, with 102 strains (accounting for 39.08%) belonging to 15 genera; 61 strains were isolated from the roots, belonging to 10 genera; and 98 strains were isolated from the leaves, belonging to 15 genera. The Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, evenness index, and richness index were highest in the stems, and the endophytic fungal species in the leaves were most similar to those in the stems. (4) The plate confrontation results showed that among the 35 tested endophytic fungi, 26 endophytic fungi had inhibitory effects on at least one plant pathogen fungus, accounting for 74.29%, among which CJ-II-2, XY-V-3, QY-II-4, QJ-III-2 and DJ-I-2 had inhibitory effects on 8 plant pathogen fungi to varying degrees. XY-V-3 had the best inhibitory effect on 8 plant pathogenic fungi, and the inhibitory rate was higher than 50%. XY-V-3 and QJ-II-2 have higher inhibitory rate than 50% on 2 strains of pathogenic fungi in C. luteoflora, which had the potential to control disease of C. luteoflora. The diversity of endophytic fungi in C. luteoflora is rich, and Some of the strains have higher effect of inhibiting plant pathogenic fungi, which lay a foundation for the research and development of biological control products and the control of the disease of C. luteoflora.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To study the anti-inflammatory of chemical constituents from the rhizome of ethnomedicine Rosa roxbunghii. The chemical constituents of fresh R. roxbunghii rhizome were studied by phytochemical separation and purification technology, and their structures were identified through physicochemical properties and spectral data. The inflammatory model of RAW264.7 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro was established. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay, the release of inflammatory factor NO in the cell culture medium was detected by Griess method and the anti-inflammatory activity of each compound was evaluated through the kit. The results were as follows: (1)Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as kaji-ichigoside F1(1), rosamultin(2), euscaphicacid(3),β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2a→1b)-2a-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2b→1c)-2b-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2c→1d)-2c-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2d→1e)-2d-O-β-L-arabinopyranosyl-(2e→1f)-2e-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside(4),catechin(5), 3-O-methylellagic acid-4´-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(6), 3-O-methylellagic acid-4´-O-α-L- rhamnopyranoside (7), tormentic acid (8), betulinic acid (9), spinosic acid (10) , arjunic acid (11), β-Sitosterol (12), β-Daucosterol (13), α-tocopherol (14) and n-hexacosane (15). Compounds 4, 6 and 7 were isolated from R. roxbunghii for the first time. (2)The results of in vitro bioactivity showed that compounds 1-7 significantly inhibited LPS induced NO release from RAW264.7 in a dose-dependent manner; The IC50 were 25.07, 24.56, 17.65, 9.87, 16.67, 40.83 and 34.98 μmol·L-1, respectively (dexamethasone as positive control 22.46 μmol·L-1 ). Anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1-7 were showed better, among which compounds 3, 4 and 5 were slightly better than dexamethasone. The results indicated that triterpenoids, ellagic acids, flavonoids and oligosaccharides from R. roxbunghii were the main effective components and verified its anti-inflammatory effect in folk application.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-08-09 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to investigate the good genes, cultivate the main superior cultivars and discover phylogenetic relationships of Magnolia officinalis, M. officinalis subsp. biloba and M. hypoleuca, we compared the differences among the cp (chloroplast) genomes of three Magnolia species and performed a phylogenetic tree of 14 species. Illumina HiSeq platform was used to sequence and assemble the cp genome of M. hypoleuca. Then the cp genomes of three Magnolia species were annotated by online platform and performed with three Magnolia species cp gene cycles. Moreover, the cp genomes of other 11 Magnolia species were downloaded from the NCBI database and phylogenetic tree of 14 all species cp genomes was constructed based on NJ method. The results indicated that Clean Reads of M. hypoleuca were 19 791 019, and Q30 was 91.33%. The total length of cp genome of M. hypoleuca was 160 051 bp, its GC content was 39.2%, including 37 tRNA and 8 rRNA. Besides, there were respectively six and four more functional gene numbers of M. hypoleuca than the other two Magnolia species, which indicated it had stronger viability. Compared with the cp genome structure of three Magnolia species, it showed that three Magnolia species had similar IR, LSC and SSC structures, GC content and tRNA number, but there were differences in the type and number of coding genes, the number and structure of introns and exons. Besides, the differential functional genes of three Magnolia species were mainly located in LSC region and IR region, involving large ribosomal subunits, small ribosomal subunits and unknown functional genes groups. Furthermore, based on NJ phylogenetic tree, M. hypoleuca was closely related to M. officinalis subsp. biloba, next to M. officinalis. In this study, M. hypoleuca had more abundant cp genome structure, composition and variation characteristics, which was the molecular mechanism of its adaptation to low light and low temperature environment in high latitude area. And it will also provide strong guidance for molecular breeding of excellent Magnolia varieties.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1对断奶仔猪血清生化指标和肠道营养物质转运载体mRNA表达的影响。选取144头初始体重为（6.49±0.01） kg的21日龄杜×长×大断奶仔猪，随机分为3组，每组8个重复，每个重复6头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，抗生素组饲喂基础饲粮+100 mg/kg喹乙醇+75 mg/kg金霉素，罗伊氏乳杆菌组饲喂基础饲粮+5×1010 CFU/kg罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1。试验期为14 d。结果显示：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加抗生素显著提高了血清葡萄糖（GLU）的含量（P<0.05），且显著降低了血清尿素氮（UN）的含量（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮添加罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1显著提高了十二指肠胃动素（MLN）和空肠胆囊收缩素（CCK）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；饲粮添加抗生素显著提高了十二指肠MLN的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，饲粮添加罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1显著提高了十二指肠Na+依赖性谷氨酰胺载体2（ASCT2）、阳离子氨基酸运载体1（CAT1）、小肽转运体1（PepT1）和空肠中性和碱性氨基酸转运载体（rBAT）以及空肠与回肠y+L氨基酸转运体1（y+LAT1）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；饲粮添加抗生素显著提高了空肠y+LAT1、CAT1、PepT1和空肠与回肠哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，饲粮添加罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1显著提高了十二指肠小肠脂肪酸结合蛋白（I-FABP）、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α（ACCα）、脂肪酸合成酶（FASN）和十二指肠与空肠脂肪酸结合蛋白3（FABP3）以及十二指肠、空肠与回肠过氧化物体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARγ）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；饲粮添加抗生素显著提高了空肠ACCα的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）。5）与对照组相比，饲粮添加罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1显著提高了空肠和回肠钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白1（SGLT1）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）；饲粮添加抗生素显著提高了十二指肠SGLT1、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白3（SGLT3）的mRNA表达量（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加5×1010 CFU/kg罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1对断奶仔猪的肠道营养物质转运具有良好的促进作用，表现为促进断奶仔猪肠道物理消化和化学消化，促进小肽、氨基酸及脂肪酸吸收转运，增强脂肪酸的合成。罗伊氏乳杆菌LR1在替代猪饲用抗生素方面具有巨大潜力，可用于开发新型猪饲料抗生素替代物。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加丁酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道结构和免疫功能的影响。选取（25±1）日龄、体重（6.24±0.32） kg的健康“杜×长×大”杂交仔猪360头，随机分为5个组，每组4个重复，每个重复18头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌的试验饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明：1）250和1 000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌添加组断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组（P0.05）。结果提示，25～55日龄断奶仔猪饲粮添加250～500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌可改善断奶仔猪肠道结构，增强机体免疫功能。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在探讨利用近红外反射光谱技术测定棉籽粕常规营养成分含量和蛋公鸡代谢能的可行性。从全国范围内收集76个不同产地、不同年份、不同加工方式的棉籽粕样品，测定其常规营养成分含量，并通过蛋公鸡强饲试验测定其表观代谢能和真代谢能。随机选取定标集（n=56）和外部验证集（n=20）样品，建立近红外定标模型。结果表明：1）不同来源棉籽粕的营养成分和蛋公鸡代谢能变异较大，变异系数为2.52%~84.75%，其中水分、粗脂肪、粗纤维、表观代谢能和真代谢能的变异系数超过10%；粗蛋白质、粗灰分和总能的变异系数分别为9.58%、9.81%和2.52%。2）水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分和总能的定标决定系数为0.923 5~0.975 8，交互验证决定系数为0.824 7~0.930 3，外部验证决定系数为0.879~0.896；表观代谢能和真代谢能的定标决定系数为0.969 0和0.926 8，交互验证决定系数为0.917 0和0.905 7，外部验证决定系数为0.911和0.892。因此，常规营养成分和代谢能的定标方程均可用于日常分析。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-09-20
Abstract： Vitamin K2 (VK2) is a series of menaquinone compounds with isoprene side chains, which are represented by MK-n depending on the length of the side chains. Highly active VK2 is mainly synthesized by microorganisms and has the physiological function of preventing and treating diseases such as osteoporosis, hemorrhage, liver cirrhosis and Parkinson's disease. Flavobacterium is an important production strain and can synthesize a variety of VK2 homologs including MK4, MK5 and MK6. We found that by regulating the fermentation temperature, the type and yield of VK2 homologs synthesized by Flavobacterium can be controlled. In the range of 20~37℃, Flavobacterium sp. M1-14 grows best at 25℃, the biomass reaches 8.8 g/L, but the fermentation product is completely MK6, the yield is 13.9 mg/L, and the unit cell yield is 1.6 mg/L g. When the fermentation temperature is higher than 30°C, Flavobacterium can synthesize MK4, MK5 and MK6 at the same time. At 37°C, the yields of MK4 and MK5 are the highest, which are 1.6 mg/L and 1.7 mg/L, respectively, and the total amount of VK2 is 12.5 mg/L. At this time, the biomass was only 5.5g/L, and the unit cell yield was 2.3mg/g. In view of the difference in the optimum temperature for the growth of Flavobacterium cells and the synthesis of VK2 homologs, variable temperature fermentation was considered to increase biomass and VK2 production. After optimization of multiple factors, we developed a two-stage temperature change strategy with low temperature first and then high temperature, that is, fermentation at 25°C for 48 hours, and then fermented at 37°C for 96 hours, the VK2 yield reached 20.9 mg/L (among which MK4 was 2.1 mg). /L, MK5 is 2.3 mg/L, MK6 is 16.5 mg/L), the biomass is 8.8 g/L, and the unit cell yield is 2.4 mg/g. Then, on the 30L fermenter, we investigated the oxygen demand of fermentation at different temperatures by controlling the ventilation rate and rotation speed. It was found that at 25℃ and 37℃, the optimum kLa for VK2 synthesis by Flavobacterium fermentation was 360 h-1 and 60 h-1, respectively. A two-stage variable kLa control strategy was developed for the changes in the oxygen demand of bacteria during variable temperature fermentation. After optimization, the kLa was 360 h-1 in the first 24 hours of variable temperature fermentation, and the kLa was 60 h-1 in the next 120 hours. was 22.5 mg/L), which was 107% higher than the initial value, the biomass was 15.5 g/L, and the unit cell yield was 1.9 mg/g. The staged fermentation regulation strategy of changing temperature and kLa can change the type of homologues of Flavobacterium synthesizing VK2, significantly increase the production of VK2, and lay an optimized foundation for realizing the industrialization of VK2 bioproduction.
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