Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：探讨不同耕作方式的土壤矿质元素含量变化特征，旨在促进火龙果生长发育和品质改良。研究区采用套种紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）、施用有机肥、施用化肥与农药、地膜覆盖和无措施 5 种耕作方式，以每种方式土壤的 22 种矿质元素为评价指标，比较不同耕作方式的矿质元素含量差异，阐明土壤矿质元素之间的相关关系。结果表明：与无措施相比，其他耕作方式的 Ca、Si、Mn 等元素含量呈增加趋势，Fe、Mg、Al 等元素含量则降低，Na含量无显著差异；施用有机肥的矿质元素含量最丰富，地膜覆盖次之，套种紫花苜蓿最低；相关性分析表明火龙果地土壤矿质元素间多存在显著相关性，Al、Si、S、Ni 与其他元素的相关性较密切，其次为 Fe、Mg、Na、Mn、Cu、Co，均达到显著或极显著水平；Ca、Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn 和 B 之间多呈负相关，存在拮抗效应。干热河谷石漠化区在火龙果栽培时，应首选有机肥作为养分添加方式；并及时补充不同耕作方式造成的土壤矿质养分亏缺，尤其是 Fe、Mg、Al、Na、Cu、Zn 等元素。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： As the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis has affected the rocky desertification control, and in order to discuss the reason of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and realize the stabilization of forest stand and sustainable management, this paper took aging degraded plants with typical symbol of yellow blooms and normally grown plants as the research objects and adopted soil agrochemistry and environmental mineralogy methods to analyze mineral element content in root-zone soil of different plants, evaluate integrated soil quality and to reveal the mineral element mechanism of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. The results shows that (1) C, P, K, S, Se, Sr, Mo and oxide in root-zone soil of normally grown plants were generally higher than the content in aging degraded plants, while total nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, available nitrogen, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr had no significant difference, and other elements had no obvious change rule. It indicates that mineral elements are one of the causes of the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. Available contents of elements also had an impact on plant growth, which indicates that we should improve availability of nutrients when managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. From the perspective of plant nutrition demand, all major, medium and micro elements had a dominant effect on soil quality. In the management of soil fertility, we should not only focus on a large number of elements. (2) Root-zone soil quality indexes manifested that the highest plant was No. 3 normally grown plant and the lowest plant was No. 1 aging degraded plant, suggesting that soil quality influences the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. But the soil quality is not the only cause of aging degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and more comparative studies of soil microbes and plant hormones should be conducted. (3) When managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis in forest stand, cultivate good soil structure, make sure the comprehensiveness and proportionality of soil nutrient, and pay attention to deficit effect caused by low mineral elements, and it is necessary to make sure the appropriate nutrient concentration and ratio to increase the absorption capacity of the plant.
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