Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-09-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to identify the pathogens that caused tuber rot in Bletilla striata and study the inhibiting effects of herbal extracts on pathogens, the pathogens that caused tuber rot of Bletilla striata were isolated using usual tissue isolation. Morphological and molecular biological techniques were used to identify the strains. And seven herbal extracts were used to study the inhibiting effects on the pathogen. The results were as follows:（1） A total of 14 fungi and 4 bacteria were isolated from diseased leaves, leaf sheaths and tubers. But only strain GF-1 caused disease, whose symptoms consistent with those in the field. The incidences of GF-1 disease reinoculated in the field and laboratory were 100％, respectively. （2）GF-1 was identified as a memmber of Epicoccum, and its colonial morphology is a circular form, with white mycelium, prostrate on the medium, aerial, diaphragms and branches. There are conidia and chlamydospores. （3）At last, the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of GF-1 were analyzed, the length was 522 bp. The sequence was compared with other species in the GenBank and reached 99.62% similarity to E. sorghinum (MN493119.1) isolated form Sorghum, which was closer than others, including E. sorghinum (MF948994.1) isolated form leaves of B. striata. （4）GF-1 could be fully inhibited when the medium contained 0.1- 0.2 g·mL-1 extracts that extracted from 7 Chinese herbal, respectively. And it also could be fully inhibited by 0.05 g·mL-1 of C. cassia or Syringa oblate. In summary, the pathogen that caused tuber rot in Bletilla striata was identified as E. sorghinum. And GF-1 could be fully inhibited cultivated on the medium which contained 0.1- 0.2 g·mL-1 herbal extracts, e.g.: C. cassia, S. oblate, Cyclocarya paliurus, B. striata, Houpoea officinalis, Illicium verum or Cnidium monnieri.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-08-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Inorder to study the effect of soil factors on the the growth and medicinal component of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis, and to provide a support for the artificial cultivation, the biomass and the polyphyllins content of different samples from different origins were determined, and soil composition was measured. Then the correlation between soil factors and the growth ， and medicinal component were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1)There were differences in soil composition in different place, while the yield and polyphyllins content in samples in different place were quite different; (2)Correlation analysis showed that the dry weight was significantly positively correlated with organic matter, total nitrogen, and alkaline nitrogen, the polyphyllin I content was significantly positively related with organic matter and available phosphorus, the polyphyllin Ⅱ content was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus and available potassium; (3)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the dry weight was dominantly affected by alkaline nitrogen, the polyphyllin I was dominantly affected by organic matter, the polyphyllins Ⅱ was dominantly affected by available phosphorus, and was linear negatively correlated with alkaline nitrogen. In summary, the main soil factors affecting dry weight was alkaline nitrogen, the main soil factors affecting the polyphyllin total content was organic matter and available phosphorus.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to establish a rapid propagation system of southern highbush blueberry ‘O’ Neal’ , the stem section with axillary bud were sterilized as explants, induction of shoot cluster,and proliferation of shoot cluster, test-tube rooting, transplanting and domestication were also studied. The results were as follows: The best sterilization treatment was that the explant treated by 10% NaClO with 15 min, and the contamination rate reached 14.44% and the induction rate reached 49.38%; The best medium for induction of shoot cluster was WPM+ ZT 1.5 mg‧L-1. The optimum medium for proliferation of shoot cluster was WPM+ NAA 0.1 mg‧L-1 + ZT 1.5 mg‧L-1, and the coefficient of propagation reached 8.6 after subcultured 60 days. The best treatment for test-tube rooting was that the shoot cluster dipped in 500 mg‧L-1 IBA for 20 s firstly, then cultivated them with the medium WPM+IBA 0.2 mg‧L-1, the rooting rate and effective rooting rate all reached 96.3%, and the rooting number and length were 12.7 and 43.3 mm after cultured 90 days, at the same time, and the root developed well. The survival rate of rooted seedlings reached 92.22% after transplanted in Media Ⅰ（river sand﹕vermiculite﹕perlite=1﹕1﹕1）. Thus, the best rapid propagation system of southern highbush blueberry ‘O’Neal’ was that: the explant treated by 10% NaClO with 15 min, the shoot cluster inducted and proliferated with WPM+ ZT 1.5 mg‧L-1 and WPM+ NAA 0.1 mg‧L-1 + ZT 1.5 mg‧L-1differently; The shoot cluster dipped in 500 mg‧L-1 IBA for 20 s and cultivated with WPM+ IBA 0.2 mg‧L-1, and rooted seedlings transplanted in media（river sand: vermiculite: perlite=1﹕1﹕1）. The results play a foundation for providing seedlings and factory production of ‘O’Neal’ in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本研究旨在比较不同类型酒糟营养成分组成差异并评定其营养价值。采集了5类酒糟样品共24个，其中浓香型高粱酒糟8个，酱香型高粱酒糟4个，青稞酒糟4个，玉米酒糟3个，啤酒糟5个，分析其养分组成，并应用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系（CNCPS）对其瘤胃降解特性进行评定，利用原子吸收法测定其铁、铜、锰、锌含量，并测定其抗营养因子单宁和硅含量。结果表明：1）啤酒糟pH和初水含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。2）啤酒糟粗蛋白质含量最高，显著高于浓香型高粱酒糟、青稞酒糟和玉米酒糟（P<0.05）。啤酒糟和酱香型高粱酒糟中性洗涤不溶蛋白质（NDIP）含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。浓香型高粱酒糟和酱香型高粱酒糟酸性洗涤不溶蛋白质（ADIP）含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。玉米酒糟粗脂肪含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。浓香型高粱酒糟的粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。玉米酒糟淀粉含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），啤酒糟淀粉含量显著低于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。3）按CNCPS划分，啤酒糟快速降解碳水化合物（CA）比例显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），玉米酒糟中速降解碳水化合物（CB1）比例显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），浓香型高粱酒糟不可降解碳水化合物（CC）比例显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），啤酒糟慢速降解真蛋白质（PB3）比例显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），浓香型高粱酒糟不可降解真蛋白质（PC）比例显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。4）浓香型高粱酒糟和酱香型高粱酒糟铁和锰含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05），啤酒糟铜和锌含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。5）啤酒糟单宁含量显著低于其他酒糟（P<0.05），浓香型高粱酒糟硅含量显著高于其他酒糟（P<0.05）。由此可见，不同类型酒糟营养成分组成差异较大。玉米酒糟提供了最优质的碳水化合物组分，啤酒糟提供了最优质的蛋白质组分，青稞酒糟和酱香型高粱酒糟品质较优，浓香型高粱酒糟品质最差，应根据实际生产需求合理添加。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在寻找通过营养调控缓解牦牛僵牛氧化和免疫应激，促进牦牛僵牛生长的方法。按小于同龄同品种牦牛群体平均体重1.5倍标准差的标准选取1周岁青海高原型牦牛僵牛40头和正常牦牛10头，按体重将40头牦牛僵牛随机分为4组，分别为僵牛放牧组、精补组、半胱胺组（补饲精料同时添加80 mg/kg BW半胱胺）、酵母组（补饲精料同时添加0.3%活性干酵母），正常牛设为正常牛放牧组，每组5个重复，每个重复2头牛。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）与放牧僵牛组相比，精补组、半胱胺组、酵母组可显著提高僵牛体尺指标（P＜0.05）。2）精补组血液红细胞计数和血红蛋白含量显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05），血液白细胞计数显著低于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。3）在第1天，正常牛放牧组血浆丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于，总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）抗氧化能力显著高于其他4组（P＜0.05）。在第60天，半胱胺组和酵母组僵牛血浆中MDA含量显著低于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著低于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05），血浆T-SOD活性、T-AOC显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；酵母组血浆GSH-Px活性显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。4）在第1天，正常牛放牧组血浆免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）含量显著高于其他4个组（P＜0.05）。第60天，精补组血浆IgG含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；半胱胺组血浆IgA含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；酵母组的血浆IgA和IgG的含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。结果提示，补饲精料及精料中添加80 mg/kg BW半胱胺或0.3%活性干酵母可提高牦牛僵牛抗氧化和免疫能力，促进僵牛补偿生长，其中补饲精料同时添加0.3%活性干酵母效果最佳。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在寻找通过营养调控缓解牦牛僵牛氧化和免疫应激，促进牦牛僵牛生长的方法。按小于同龄同品种牦牛群体平均体重1.5倍标准差的标准选取1周岁青海高原型牦牛僵牛40头和正常牦牛10头，按体重将40头牦牛僵牛随机分为4组，分别为僵牛放牧组、精补组、半胱胺组（补饲精料同时添加80 mg/kg BW半胱胺）、酵母组（补饲精料同时添加0.3%活性干酵母），正常牛设为正常牛放牧组，每组5个重复，每个重复2头牛。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）与放牧僵牛组相比，精补组、半胱胺组、酵母组可显著提高僵牛体尺指标（P＜0.05）。2）精补组血液红细胞计数和血红蛋白含量显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05），血液白细胞计数显著低于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。3）在第1天，正常牛放牧组血浆丙二醛（MDA）含量显著低于，总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）抗氧化能力显著高于其他4组（P＜0.05）。在第60天，半胱胺组和酵母组僵牛血浆中MDA含量显著低于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著低于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05），血浆T-SOD活性、T-AOC显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；酵母组血浆GSH-Px活性显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。4）在第1天，正常牛放牧组血浆免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）含量显著高于其他4个组（P＜0.05）。第60天，精补组血浆IgG含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；半胱胺组血浆IgA含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）；酵母组的血浆IgA和IgG的含量显著高于第1天（P＜0.05），且显著高于僵牛放牧组（P＜0.05）。结果提示，补饲精料及精料中添加80 mg/kg BW半胱胺或0.3%活性干酵母可提高牦牛僵牛抗氧化和免疫能力，促进僵牛补偿生长，其中补饲精料同时添加0.3%活性干酵母效果最佳。
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