Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the characteristics of the fungal community and potential key pathogens, ITS rDNA gene amplicon sequencing technology and FUNGuild analysis were used to study the fungal community composition, network characteristics and ecological function groups in rotting tubers of Dioscorea. sp. Additionally, potential pathogenic fungi were isolated and identified. The results were as follows: ( 1 ) In rotting tubers of Dioscorea sp., the dominant phylum was Ascomycota, and prevalent fungal genera included Penicillium, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Talaromyces, Clonostachys, etc. The fungal molecular ecological network exhibited a clear modular structure with a high ratio of positive correlation edges (99.33%), suggesting that positive cooperation was strengthen between different fungi. ( 2 ) FUNGuild analysis indicated that 10 guilds were highly correlated with yam tuber rot. Among these guilds, the relative abundances of dung saprotroph-undefined saprotroph-wood saprotroph and endophyte-plant pathogen were 33.74% and 23.64%, respectively, and the representative genera were Penicillium and Colletotrichum, respectively. Additionally, three guilds were related to both plant pathogen and wood saprotroph, and occupied 13.67% of the ecological functional groups. Moreover, Fusarium was representative genus of all three guilds. Traits analysis showed that some fungi (Penicillium, Fusarium, etc.) in the fungal community were probably invovled in yam tuber rot. ( 3 ) A total of 22 strains were isolated and belonged to 6 genera, including Fusarium ( 9 strains ), Penicillium ( 5 strains ) and Aspergillus ( 4 strains ), etc. This study provides an important reference for understanding the pathogenesis of tuber rot in Dioscorea sp., and for the selection of appropriate pesticides and biocontrol microbes.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Diospyros dasyphylla Kurz and Diospyros sumatrana Miq. ( Ebenaceae ) are reported as newly recorded species in China. Their diagnostic characters, habitat and distribution of the two newly recorded species are provided. The endangered category of the two newly recorded species is assessed based on field survey. D. dasyphylla closely resembles D. xylocarpa Y. M. Shui, W. H. Chen & Sima, However, it can be distinguished by its young branchlets and leaves, which are densely covered with yellow-brown hairs. Another distinctive feature of D. dasyphylla is its mature fruit, approximately 6 cm in diameter, accompanied by a fruit calyx measuring 8 mm. D. sumatrana is similar to D. elliptifolia Merr., but differs in its white and urceolate corolla, fruit 2 cm in diameter and erected calyx. The voucher specimens are deposited in Herbarium of Guangxi Institute of Botany ( IBK ) and Museum of Beijing Forestry University ( BJFC ). These findings provide new basic data for the biodiversity research of Diospyros plants in China.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Wild plants play a pivotal role in people’s daily lives, providing numerous necessities such as food, medicine, and living tools for survival. Zada County, located in the southwestern part of Ngari Prefecture (མངའ་རི, mngav-ri) , Xizang Autonomous Region of China, bordering India, serves as an important gateway for China’s access to South Asia. This region used to engage in prosperous and lively border trade. Characterized by a plateau sub-frigid arid climate, characterized by low annual average temperature, low oxygen concentration, cold winters, and cool summers. The Zang People here has amassed rich traditional knowledge on the utilization of wild plants in adapting to harsh environments. To comprehensively and systematically investigate, document, and study the traditional knowledge of the Zang People in Zada County on the utilization of wild plants, an ethnobotanical investigation methods were adopted. The research involved interviews with 173 informants, recording 3 639 utilization reports (URs), and conducting quantitative analyses using UV, CV, and CII metrics. The results were as follows: (1) The Zang People in Zada County possesses extensive traditional knowledge on the utilization of wild plants, employing 119 species belonging to 40 families and 83 genera. (2) The utilization categories of wild plants in this area are diverse, with 8 utilization categories, and multiple plants possessing two or more uses simultaneously. (3) The most significant plants in people’s lives are Carum carvi (UV=1.220), Artemisia stracheyi (UV=0.919), Rheum acuminatum (UV=0.890), Cupressus sp. (UV=0.769), and Urtica dioica (UV=0.757). Theses plants are intimately connected to the lives of the local Zang People and are deeply loved by them. (4) The intricate and diverse plateau environment significantly influences the utilization of wild plants in this region. This research not only comprehensively and systematically documents the utilization knowledge and characteristics of wild plants in Zada County, but also provides evidence for the further exploration and rational utilization of local plant resources, contributing to the sustainable development of the region. At the same time, it also helps to promote the inheritance and promotion of traditional knowledge, contributing to the prosperity of local culture. In addition, this research has positive implications for biodiversity conservation, helping to raise public awareness and protection consciousness towards biodiversity, and promoting the balance and harmonious development of the ecosystem.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
XU Pengn
TAN Qiujinn
SONG Haiyunn
ZHENG Shufangn
YANG Xiaozhoun
HUAN Xiujun
ZHANG Taon
ZHOU Chunhengn
WEI Yuanrongn
WANG Wenlinn
Abstract： Macadamia nut (Macadamia integrifolia) is an evergreen nut tree with high economic value. Its kernel is rich in nutrients such as fatty acid and protein, etc. In order to further explore the main regulatory genes related to nutrient formation in M. integrifolia kernels, transcriptomics, gene cloning, fluorescence quantification PCR and bioinformatics techniques were used to screen potential regulatory genes from the kernel transcriptomes of ‘Guire No. 1’ and ‘A4’, which have significantly different nutrient content in M. integrifolia kernels. The results were as follows: (1) Transcriptome analysis showed that 1 667 genes were up-regulated and 1 798 genes down-regulated in ‘Guire No. 1’ kernel compared with those of ‘A4’ kernel and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the differential genes were mainly in starch and glucose metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis and carbon metabolism. (2) A significant differential gene-LOC122077931 encoding the R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB44L was discovered. The MiMYB44L gene was cloned in kernels of M. integrifolia variety ‘Guire No. 1’ using RACE technology, which was 1 165 bp in length, 999 bp in ORF in length, and encoded 332 amino acids. (3) Bioinformatics analysis confirmed the presence of the SANT domain in the MiMYB44L protein, a hallmark feature of the R2R3-MYB family. The protein lacked both a signal peptide and a transmembrane domain but featured phosphorylation sites. (4) The protein content in kernels of 10 M. integrifolia varieties was determined. And it was found that the expression of MiMYB44L gene in M. integrifolia varieties with high protein content was significantly higher than that in varieties with low protein content, and the overall correlation coefficient was 0.54, reaching a very significant level. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for in-depth analysis of the regulatory mechanism of MiMYB44L gene in the formation of protein content in M. integrifolia.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Li Jinghan
Zhang Shunwei
Yang Xiaobo
Li Donghai
Qi Chunlin
Huang Yao
Zhang Xiang
Hao Jiewei
Liang Caiqun
Zhu Zicheng
Jiang Yuexin
Wang Chongyang
HE Yiqi
Abstract： Based on the ‘National Key Protected Wild Plants List’ and related data in 2021, combined with field investigation, the ‘National Key Protected Wild Plants List of Hainan Province’ was integrated, and its composition and floristic characteristics were analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) Among the national key protected wild plants, the original Cycas changjiangensis, C. hainanensis, C. lingshuigensis and C. taiwaniana were incorporated into C. taiwaniana; compared with the National Key Protected Wild Plant List in 1999, the original Semiliquidambar cathayensis and Amphicarpaea linearis were removed from the protection category, and Bretschneidera sinensis was degraded from the Category I protection to the Category II protection.127 species of national key protected wild plants were added, and a total of 173 species ( including varieties ) were added, belonging to 53 families and 83 genera, including 8 species of national Category I protected wild plants. There are 165 species of national Category II protected wild plants and 32 endemic species in Hainan Province, which belong to 4 groups. Among them, the angiosperm species are the most abundant, with 129 species. (2) Based on years of field investigation information and the results of this survey, Cycas rumphii, C. shanyagensis, Alsophila costularis and Paphiopedilum purpuratum have not been investigated. (3) The life forms of 173 protected plants were divided into 5 types, mainly phanerophytes ( 115 species ), followed by hemicryptophytes ( 34 species ) and hemicryptophytes ( 22 species ), and hemicryptophytes and cushion plants were the least ( 1 species ). (4) At the family level, Orchidaceae had the most species, including 47 species ( 27.17% ). At the genus level, Dendrobium has the largest number of species, including 21 species ( 12.14% ). (5) The floristic elements are complex and have obvious tropical characteristics. The families are mainly distributed in the pantropics and their variants. The genera are mainly distributed in tropical Asia and its variants. In summary, the tropical nature and unique phenomena of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province are obvious, and there are many new protected species. Therefore, background investigation and dynamic monitoring should be carried out continuously, law enforcement should be strengthened, human factors should be reduced to interfere with and destroy habitats, and in-situ and ex-situ protection measures should be taken to strengthen protection and management.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Bsang is a folk activity with unique ethnic cultural characteristics on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), and it plays an important role in the daily life of Zang people. There are abundant bsang plant resources and related bsang cultural knowledge on the QTP, to investigate, document, and research Xizang bsang plants and related traditional knowledge, the research team conducted four ethnobotanical surveys on bsang plants in Xizang. Interviews were conducted with 459 informants from 22 townships, documenting 83 species of bsang plants belonging to 36 genera across 19 families. The results were as follows: (1) People of different regions, ages, and genders possess extensive knowledge of bsang plants; (2) Hordeum vulgare var. coeleste, Juniperus indica, Rhododendron anthopogon and have high cultural value (CV) indices, making them crucial in bsang activities; (3) The utilization of bsang plants demonstrates regional and substitutive characteristics, reflecting the local practices of scientifically managing and sustainably collecting of bsang plant resources. This study contributes to the inheritance of bsang activities and the biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization of bsang plant resources.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-15 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Based on the 25 ha karst forest big plot in Gulinqing, Yunnan, through sample-plot investigation, specimen collection and identification, floristic analysis, Jaccard similarity coefficient and PCA, we explored its floristic characteristics and the status of the Gulinqing big plot in Yunnnan and the geographical relationships among Gulinqing in Yunnan, Bubeng in Yunnan, and Nonggang in Guangxi, China. The results were as follows: (1) There were about 78 families, 238 genera, and 406 species（including infraspecies taxa and excluding woody vines）of woody plants with DBH≥ 1cm. (2) In the plot, the families with two–five species and with one species were dominant and accounted for 37.18% and 34.62% of the total number of families, respectively, while the genera with two–four species and with one species were also dominant and accounted for 30.25% and 65.13% of the total number of genera, respectively. (3) Through analysis of the areal-types of families and genera, it was found that it had been divided into 9 areal-types and 7 variations at the family level, and the proportion of families was the highest at Pantropic, accounting for 50.77%, and the ratio of tropical flora to temperate flora (R/T) was 4.42; there were 11 areal-types at the genera level, mainly composed of Tropical Asian, Pantropic, Old World Tropics, 33.47%, 18.22%, and 13.98% respectively, and with R/T of the genera was 10.25. (4) The composition of Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang big plots showed that Gulinqing and Bubeng had the highest similarity in family and genera level at Jaccard similarity coefficient (0.674 and 0.395, respectively), and Bubeng and Nonggang with the smallest Jaccard similarity coefficient (0.575 and 0.297, respectively). (5) PCA principal component analysis of the floristic spectrum had similar result of the Jaccard similarity coefficient above in the level of genera, but different one at the level of families, e.g. a higher geographical connection between Gulinqing and Nonggang. In summary, this plot has a high diversity of families and genera, significant tropical characteristics, ancient floristic characteristics, obvious transitional status and extensive flora connections. However, there is an inconsistent geographical connection among Gulinqing, Bubeng and Nonggang from the composition and floristic spectrum.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： L igularia virgaurea i s one of the original plants of the Tibetan medicine Rixiao for the trearment of clearing heat and removing yellow water. In order t o study the chemical constituents and anti inflammatory activity of L. virgaurea , the compounds were separated by silica gel , Sephadex LH-20 gel, ODS gel column chromatography and other column chromatography technologies. The structures of all isolates were identified by spectroscopic methods (NMR and HR ESI MS)MS). T he ir inhibitory activity of the compounds on nitric oxide (NO) w as determined by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced RAW26 4 7 cell model. The results were as follows: (1) Twenty one compounds were separated and identified from petroleum ether and n butanol extracts of L. virgaurea , including spiroeuryolide 1 )), cacalol ac etate 2 )), o plopenone 3 )), 8 ethyl palmosalide A 4 )), 1 hydroxy 3,7 dimethyl 2 --(pent 3 enyl)benzofuran 5 syringaresinol O β D gluco pyrano side 6 ), pinoresinol O β D gluco pyrano side 7 ), isoeucommin A 8 )), eucommin A 9 6,7 dimethoxycoumarin 10 )), fer ulic acid 11 ethyl caffeate 12 methyl caffeate 13 ), methyl ferul ate 14 ), ethyl ferulate 15 ), caffeic acid 16 ), 2 --[( E 3′,7′ d imethyl 2′,6′ octadienyl] 4 methoxy 6 methylphenol ( 1 7 2,8 dimethyl 6 methoxy 2 --(4 methylpent 3 enyl) chromene 1 8 β s itosterol 19 ), dodecyl(Z)-9-hexadecenoate (2020) and hexacosanal 21 Compounds 1 4 , 6 , 11 16 , 18 , 2 0 , 21 were isolated from the whole herbs of L virgaurea for the first time . (2) The anti inflammatory activity in vitro showed that compounds 1 3 6 11 16 , 17 19 could significantly inhibited releases of NO at concentration ranging from 1.56 to 50.00 μmol·L 1 P < 0.05 or P < C ompound 5 had no inhibitory release of NO at a concentration of 50.00 μmol·L 1 , but it could inhibit releases of NO a t concentration of 12.50 and 25.00 μmol·L 1 P < This finding enriches the chemical composition and biological activity research of L. virgaurea and provides a certain foundation for the future development and utilization of its anti inflammatory ac tivity.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Xiaohui
ZHANG Jianqiang
NING Kun
WANG Xiaojia
KANG Juqing
QIU Linfeng
LI Yali
LIU Xiaoying
YUE Ming
Abstract： Based on the references of natural reserves in Shaanxi P rovince field survey, and digitized herbarium specimens provided by China V irtual Herbarium (CVH), the resource and conservation status of species listed in national key protected wild plants ( (2021 version ) distributed in Shaanxi Province was investigated and analyzed in present study, and it can provide a scientific basis for future research on in situ and ex situ conservation . The results were as follows : (1) A total of 104 species (including subspecies and variety) were belonged to 38 families, 67 genera were distributed in Shaanxi province, including 3 species of Lycophytes, 6 species and 2 varieties of Gymnosperms, and 85 species, 1 subspecies and 10 varieties of Angiosperms, representing 2.88%, 6.73% and 90.38% of the total NKPWPs respectively. (2) The number of the NKPWPs represent ed about 18.18%, 5.09%, and 2% of families, genera and species respectively of the total vascular plant in Shaanxi P rovince . (3) Among 104 species of NKPWPs , 26 species listed in the last version (1999) ha d been protected , and 24 species were ever listed and protected as local protected wild plants , and a total of 54 additional species were not protected at all before, accounting for 52% of the total NKPWPs, e.g. Phalaenopsis zhejiangensis, Dendrobium flexicaule and Paeonia rockii. The endangered status analysis showed that 5 species are Critically Endangered (CR), representing 4.81%, 22 species were Endangered (EN) and 22 were Vulnerable (VU), representing 24.04% of the total NKPWPsNKPWPs. (4) Qinling-Bashan region was a concentrated distribution area of NKPWPsNKPWPs, about 60 species were distributed in Zhenping County, accounting for 57.69% of the total, and 47 species were distributed in both Pingli and Foping counties; contrast to it, few species found in the north area of Shaanxi Province. (5) There were 249 reserves in Shaanxi Province, including the natural reserve (national and provincial), wetland parks and forest parks, and about 70 species representing 67.31% of NKPWPs had been effectively protected in these areas. We suggest: (1) investigate the resources, distribution and status of the additional species of NKPWPs in Shaanxi Province Province, especially focus on the 54 species which are not previously protected; (2) facilitate the regional botanical gardens in the Loess Plateau area of Shaanxi Province; (3) dynamic monitor and update data of NKPWPs in natural reserves, so as to provide a scientific and valuable reference for in situ and ex situ conservation in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-05-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Shunwei
LI Jinghan
YANG Xiaobo
LI Donghai
WANG Chongyang
ZHU Zicheng
JIANG Yuexin
HE Yiqi
Shang Naiyan
DU Chunyan
LIU Chang
ZHONG Iishuang
SU Xin
Abstract： In order to reveal the distribution and habitat characteristics of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, this paper selected national key protected wild plants, based on the 2021 edition of the List of national key protected wild plants th rough field surveys, researched the distribution of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province and their type of vegetation. The results were as follows : (1) T here were a total of 53 families, 83 genera and 173 species of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province, ranking fifth in the number of species and first in the density of species in China (based on the current data base of wild). (2) A ll 19 counties and municipalities in Hainan Province had national key protected wild plants, and the number of species in the central and the south of the cities/counties is much larger than that in the north, with the largest species richness in Changjiang Li Autonomous County (75 species), and the highest species density in Lingshui Li Autonomou s County (0.60 4 5 ind.•km 2 ); T he number of species of national key protected wild plants was distributed in nine gradients (with a gradient value of 200 m) from 0 to 1 867 m above sea level, and there were a trend of slightly decreased very rapidly increa sed slowly decreased, with the highest number of species distributed in the elevation band. When 800 m Altitude < 1 000 m and 1 000 m Altitude < 1 200 m, there was 81 national key protected wild plant species, while only 9 species in the segment 1 600 m Altitude < 1 867 m (3) The habitats of national key protected wild plants in Hainan Province were complex ed , rel ied on a total of 11 vegetation types, among which the lowland rainforest ha d the highest species richness (114 species), followed by mountain rainforest (105 species) and the semi mangrove forest (1 species); and the most severely externally disturbed is freshwater wet grassland, followed by lowland rainforest, and the least is m ontane cloud forest. The results of the study can provide scientific reference for the conservation and utilization of national key protected wild p lants in Hainan Province.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The classification of Mussaenda L. has been controversial due to the complex interspecific variation and hybridization within the genus, by exploring the variation patterns and taxonomical significance of the leaf venation characteristics between Mussaenda L. and its relative genera (Schizomussaenda Li and Psudomussaenda Wernham.), it could be provide data for the identification and utilization when they were regarded as the medical and garden plant resources. The leaf venation characteristics of 22 species of this group were observed by using the cleaning method. The cluster analysis was carried out based on the characteristics of leaf venation, and a classification retrieval table of the species was compiled. The results were as follows: (1) The characteristics of the leaf venation of Mussaenda L. and its relative genera had consistency, which were mainly reflected on that the primary veins were all pinnate, the frequency of intersecondary veins was less than one per areolation, the angle between the major secondary veins and the midvein was acute, the tertiary veins were mostly penetrating, and the arrangement of the areolation were all irregular. (2) The characteristics of the leaf venation with taxonomic value among genera or species within genera included the type of major secondary vein venation, the angle between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the spacing between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the connection between the major secondary vein and the midvein, the existence of inter-secondary veins and intramarginal secondary veins, the penetration of intercostal tertiary veins, the type of quaternary veins, the branching of freely ending veinlets, and the development of areolation. (3) According to the cluster analysis, the 22 species were clustered into 12 branches, and Schizomussaenda and Psudomussaenda were not clustered into one branch respectively, showing a relatively close genetic relationship. In conclusion, the leaf venation characteristics of Mussaenda and its related taxa can provide new information for the classification of the plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Leaves are the largest and more sensitive vegetative organs exposed to external environmental conditions. In this paper, we aim to investigate the effects of arid habitat on the leaf anatomical structure of wetland plants, Carex moorcroftii leaf plots were set up along the gradient of arid habitat, and the response of leaf anatomical structure to arid habitat was investigated. The results were as follows: (1) The epidermal cells, vesicular cells and air cavity area on the distal surface of leaf tip and leaf bottom, leaf thickness and mechanical tissue thickness at leaf bottom were significantly positively correlated with soil volumetric moisture content (R2=0.06-0.34, P<0.01); The thickness of the cuticle, cell area, number of vascular bundles, and diameter of vascular bundles on the proximal axial surface of leaf apical, mesophyll, and basal regions were significantly negatively correlated with soil volumetric moisture content (R2=0.08-0.53, P<0.01). (2) The anatomical structure of leaf blade of C. moorcroftii had great plasticity (0.53-0.94) and variability (18%-63%), and vesicular cells, air cavities, and epidermal cells of the proximal axial surface had the greatest plasticity and variability, and the plasticity index and the coefficient of variation of the anatomical structure of the leaf bottom were significantly higher than that of the leaf tip and the middle part of the leaf (P<0.05). The plasticity of cuticle thickness and epidermal cell area on the proximal axial surface was significantly greater than that on the distal axial surface (P<0.05). When the habitat was aridified, C. moorcroftii leaves adapt to the arid habitat by thickening the cuticle on the proximal axial surface, increasing the epidermal cell area, decreasing the area of air cavities, and differentiating vesicular cells, and mainly adopted protective and frugal strategies to adapt to the arid habitat. The results of this study are helpful to reveal the response strategies of C. moorcroftii leaf anatomical structure to arid habitat, and provide theoretical reference for the protection and vegetation restoration of alpine meadow.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Firmiana pulcherrima is not only an endemic species in China but also a national grade second-level key protected plant. It is naturally distributed in the tropical rainforest area of central Hainan. To explore the survival status, development trend and the main reasons for its endangerment of the population, this paper conducted a field investigation on the natural population of F. pulcherrima in Diaoluo Mountain. The age-class structure of the population was constructed by replacing time with space. The population structure characteristics and dynamic change rules were analyzed through methods such as static life table and dynamic quantitative analysis, and the future development potential of the population was predicted by time series model. The results were as follows: (1) The population of F. pulcherrima was a growing type. The number dynamic index of entire population structure when ignoring external interference Vpi is greater than the number dynamic index of entire population structure when considering external interference V′pi, and both are greater than 0. The maximum risk probability of population to completely random disturbance Pmax was 1.82%. The population has a complete age structure, weak anti-interference ability, poor growth and stability. (2)The life expectancy of the population reached the maximum at the second age class, and then decreased with the increase of age class. Mortality and vanish rates peaked at age I, VII and IX. The survival curve was Deevey-III type. (3)Survival analysis showed that the population decreased sharply in the early stage and tended to be stable in the mid-late stages. (4)After 3,6 and 9 age classes in the future, the number of individuals in the remaining age classes increased except for the IV and VIII age classes. The population has strong natural regeneration ability. Consequently, strong light environment screening and interspecific competition are the main reasons for the endangerment of F. pulcherrima. It is suggested to take measures such as moderately thinning and pruning, strengthening population and habitat protection, actively carrying out artificial breeding and returning population expansion to promote the growth and recovery of the population.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-04-17 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Expansin (EXP) plays an important role in plant response to environmental stress by regulating cell wall relaxation. To explore the role of EXP genes in soybean response to abiotic stress, two soybean EXP genes (GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7) and their protein sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics, and their expression levels were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results were as follows: (1) The GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were located on chromosomes 10 and 12 of soybean, and encoded proteins containing 272 and 267 amino acids, respectively. The molecular weight of GmEXPB5 protein was 29.07 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 7.51. The molecular weight of GmEXPB7 protein was 29.09 kD and the theoretical isoelectric point was 8.66. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were stable hydrophilic proteins localized in the cell wall. Both GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 proteins contained a signal peptide sequence and a conserved DPBB_1 domain. (2) GmEXPB5 was closely related to CaEXPB15 of chickpea, and GmEXPB7 was closely related to EXPB3 of chickpea, red bean and cowpea. (3) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 were expressed in soybean roots, stems and leaves, and their expression levels in roots and leaves were significantly higher than those in stems. (4) GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could respond to salt, drought and cold stresses in soybean seedlings. (5) The promoter region of GmEXPB5 contained two types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE and ARE). The promoter region of GmEXPB7 contained five types of stress-related cis-elements (ABRE、ARE、CGTCA-motif、TC-rich repeats and MBS). These results indicated that GmEXPB5 and GmEXPB7 could participate in the response of soybean to abiotic stress.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-03-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to investigate the response mechanism of Ranunculus japonicus, Thalictrum fortunei and Delphinium anthriscifolium var. savatieri in different light environments, five shade treatment levels (0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% shade degree) were set in this study, the photosynthetic indexes of the three plants were determined, and the effects of different shade treatments on their photosynthetic characteristics and shade-tolerance evaluation were studied. The results were as follows: with the increase of shading degree, (1) The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid increased, while the content of chlorophyll a/b decreased with further increase of the shade degree of stress. (2) The apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) of the three plants increased first and then decreased;The maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) of R. japonicus and D. anthriscifolium var. savatieri showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing, while the Pmax of T. fortunei showed a decreasing trend.The light saturation point (LSP), light compensation point (LCP) and dark respiration rate(Rd) of the three plants decreased gradually. (3) The original fluorescence (Fo) decreased first and then increased, while the maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) and potential activity of PSⅡ (Fv/Fo) values increased first and then decreased; The quantum ratio of heat dissipation (φDo) and the energy dissipated per unit reaction center (DIo/RC) decreased first and then increased, while electron transport quantum yield(φEo), light energy absorbed per unit reaction center (ABS/RC), light energy captured per unit reaction center (TRo/RC), energy used to transfer electrons per unit reaction center (ETo/RC), photosynthetic performance index (PIabs) and comprehensive performance index (PItotal) increased first and then decreased. (4) Through comprehensive analysis of 20 single indicators by using analysis methods such as principal component analysis and membership function method. The shade-tolerance of the three plants ranked as T. fortunei > D. anthriscifolium var. savatieri > R. japonicus. In conclusion, the three species of goldenseal have different adaptability to light, which provides a basis for the application of goldenseal in landscaping.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-03-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In this study, the ecological adaptation mechanisms of Anemone shikokiana in two distinct habitats, namely full-light hilltop scrub and shady mixed broadleaved-coniferous forest, were researched by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology for leaves collected during the flowering stage. Moreover, EST-SSR molecular markers were developed based on SSR locus distribution characteristics. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 53 536 Unigenes sequences were obtained, of which 27 448 were successfully annotated. (2) 5 635 DEGs were obtained after filtering the low abundance genes, 1 600 up-regulated and 4 035 down-regulated genes comparing A. shikokiana in full-light hilltop scrub and in shady mixed coniferous forest. GO classification results showed that 2 460 DEGs were annotated to 2 533 tertiary entries. In addition, 1 051 DEGs were involved in 113 KEGG pathways. (3) The comprehensive analysis of the photosynthesis-antennal proteins pathway related genes revealed that the expression of lhca5 was significantly higher, while the expression of lhca1, lhca2 and lhca3 was significantly lower. Meanwhile, the comprehensive analysis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway related genes revealed that the expression of chs, c4h, f3’h, f3h, fls, ans, chi, ccoaomt and hct was significantly higher. (4) A total of 6 006 unigenes containing 7 146 SSRs were identified among 53 536 unigenes by using MISA software from the transcriptome data of A.shikokiana. In the identified SSRs, the dominant repeat motifs were single nucleotide repeats in 106 repetitive motif types. Among the 100 pairs of EST-SSR primers, a total of 68 pairs were effective and 11 pairs with polymorphism, and 24 polymorphic fragments were amplified. Overall, in this paper, the adaptation mechanisms of A.shikokiana in heterogeneous habitats were analyzed at the molecular level, and for the first time EST-SSR molecular markers were developed to fill the gap in this area, which would provide important molecular marker resource for the conservation and utilization of this species.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Investigating the variation patterns of hydraulic traits of trees with different diameters at breast height (DBH) grades has important physiological significance for understanding the water transport mechanism in plants. We focused a dominant tree species (Lannea coromandelica) in the dry and hot ecosystem of the Yuanjiang River, and measured the distribution patterns of hydraulic traits including shoot- (leaves and stems), leaf-, and stem hydraulic conductance, and morphological properties (diameter at breast height, leaf area/petiole length, leaf area/mass of petiole, mass of leaf/mass of petiole, average petiole length, bark density, wood density, Huber value and leaf mass per area) for 56 L. coromandelica individuals with different DBH (0 < DBH ≤ 9 cm), and then discussed the variation patterns of these traits among these three DBH levels (0 < DBH ≤ 3, 3 < DBH ≤ 6 and 6 < DBH ≤ 9 cm). The results were as follows: (1) the stem hydraulic conductance was significantly greater than leaf hydraulic conductance in three DBH grades, indicating that there was a hydraulic segmentation between the stem and leaves, whereas the degree of hydraulic segmentation had a similar pattern. (2) Among the three different diameter grades, there were significant differences in morphological traits such as average petiole length, bark density, wood density, Huber value and leaf mass per area, but there were no significant differences in the hydraulic conductance of the shoot, stem, and leaf. (3) Among the three diameter grades, the shoot hydraulic conductance was positively correlated with leaf and stem hydraulic conductance, indicating there was a coordination between leaf and stem hydraulic conductance. The shoot hydraulic conductance was negatively correlated with bark density and wood density, and leaf hydraulic conductance was significantly negatively correlated with the Huber value, indicating these leaf and stem morphological properties may impact shoot and leaf hydraulic conductance. Overall, this study suggest that there are similar hydraulic distribution patterns between leaves and the stem of L. coromandelica at different growth stages, although some morphological traits differ significantly among different diameter grades. These results improve our understanding for the intra-specific variation in leaf and stem hydraulic traits of valley savanna plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Based on three medicinal plants of Panax in the Qinba Mountain area, this study analyses the chloroplast genome characteristics and codon usage preferences by using bioinformatics techniques to clarify the phylogenetic relationship between the chloroplast genome characteristics of three medicinal plants, P. japonicus var. major, P. japonicus var. bipinnatifidus, P. pseudoginseng var. elegantior, and to provide a basis for molecular identification of Panacis majoris rhizom. The results were as follows: (1) The chloroplast genomes of three species of Panax were typical tetrad structure, the genome size was between 156 071 to 156 104 bp, and the total GC-content was 38.10% with a high degree of genome size similarity; (2) 133 coding genes were annotated, including 88 protein coding genes (PCGs), 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes with a high degree of genome size similarity; (3) The chloroplast codon usage preferences of the three medicinal plants were comparable, with codon 3 bases predominantly ending in A/U. Despite being affected by mutations, the codon usage patterns of the three medicinal plants were found to be mainly influenced by natural selection. (4) The phylogenetic results showed that the three Panax species are closely related, and P. pseudoginseng var. elegantior. is closely related to P. japonicus var. bipinnatifidus. This study presents a significant relationship between P. pseudoginseng var. elegantior and two original pharmacopeial plants of Panacis majoris rhizom. This finding has great importance for the development and utilization of resources from Panacis majoris rhizom, and provides an important basis for further studies on the classification, phylogeny and evolutionary mechanisms of Panax species.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
ZHANG Yong
MA Yandan
ZHENG Qiuzhu
SU Derong
DONG Shikui
LIANG Kemin
WU Kaiting
YUE Haitao
WANG Xiaorong
Abstract： This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental disturbances on the stoichiometry characteristics of plants in degraded alpine meadows. To achieve this, a mowing experiment was conducted on an alpine meadow with three degradation levels (i.e., light degradation LD, moderate degradation MD, and severe degradation SD) in Shangri-La from 2018 to 2020. Subsequently, differences in plant carbon (C) content, nitrogen (N) content, phosphorous (P) content, C:N:P ratio, and N-P power function relationship among different mowing durations (i.e., 0 a, 1 a, and 2 a, respectively) were analysed. The results were as follows: (1) Except for the P content of Cyperaceae, plant C, N and P of the entire community, Gramineae and forbs did not vary among degradation levels (P > 0.05) during the mowing experiment. Plant C, N and P tended to increase and then decrease with increasing mowing years, i.e., these indices were the highest after 1 a of mowing (P < 0.05). (2) At the community and functional group levels, there was no significant difference in plant C:N ratio and C:P ratio among degradation levels (P > 0.05). From LD to SD, the N:P ratio of the plant community, Cyperaceae and forbs tended to increase (P < 0.05), while the N:P ratio of Gramineae did not change significantly (P > 0.05). (3) The N:P ratio showed a parabolic trend, while the C:N ratio and C:P ratio showed an inverse trend with increasing mowing duration. Before mowing (i.e., mowing 0 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of forbs (P < 0.05) but did not vary from those of the plant community and Gramineae (P > 0.05). After mowing (i.e., mowing 1 a or 2 a), the C:P ratio and N:P ratio of Cyperaceae were higher than those of the whole plant community, Gramineae, and forbs (P < 0.05). At each mowing duration, the C:N ratio of plants did not vary among plant communities and functional groups (P > 0.05). (4) Mowing caused a stronger N-P power function relationship and a stable power exponent both at the plant community and functional group levels. And the N-P power exponent of Cyperaceae was less than 0.1, while that of the plant community, Gramineae and forbs remained stable at 0.19-0.22. In conclusion, this study found that plant stoichiometry remained stable across degradation levels but changed significantly with the prolongation of the mowing duration. This implies that different degraded alpine meadows in Northwestern Yunnan Province may share common response mechanisms to mowing disturbance.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-02-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Wuqia is located in the western part of Xinjiang, with a special flora. Based on field investigations of the region, through specimen research and literature review, Didymophysa Boiss., a newly recorded genus of Brassicaceae from western Xinjiang, China is reported．Didymophysa have three species, the morphological description and the distinctive features to the species of Didymophysaare provided, and the detailed morphological description and photographs of D. fedtschenkoana Regel are provided．Lastly, the biogeographical significance of the discovery of newly recorded genus and species was discussed, as well as the plant diversity, specificity, and work recommendations in the western plateau region of Xinjiang.
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