Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-03-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Rosa praelucens is a critically endangered alpine wild flower endemic to Shangrila County of Yunnan Province. Rich in phenotypic diversity and with a high ploidy level of decaploid, R. praelucens is a very important rose germplasm resource. In order to clarify the genetic background of its phenotypic variation, the chloroplast genomes of 40 individual plants representing different phenotypes within the species were sequenced by using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform, and then assembled, annotated and compared. The results were as follows: (1) Chloroplast genomes of R. praelucens were 157 173-157 261 bp in length, with a size difference of 88 bp among different individual plants. The genomes encoded 132 genes, mainly related with photosynthesis and self-replication. 27 155 codons, preferring using codon ending of A or U, were found in all the coding sequences. (2) Thirty six repeats and 73 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected in the chloroplast genome of R. praelucens. Most of the cpSSRs were mononucleotide type and located in the intergenic region of LSC region. (3) The haplotype diversity (Hd) among the 40 chloroplast genomes was 0.928±0.027, and the nucleotide diversity (Pi）was 0.00012. The intergenic region of petN-trnD and psaA-ycf3, gene rps16 and ycf1 were relatively more divergent. No reverse or loss of large DNA fragments and genes were found among the cp genomes of different individuals. These results suggested that the chloroplast genomes were highly conserved in size, sequence and structure within R. praelucens. The rich intraspecific phenotypic diversity was not directly caused by the variation of chloroplast genomes among different individual plants.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： This study aims to explore potential new bacterial species and bioactive substances in mangrove plants, which can enrich the diversity of mangrove microorganisms and provide strain resources for the development of new active products. 22 samples were collected from three true mangrove plants of Kandelia candel, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa, and their habitats, in Guangxi coastal area. Then 22 samples were divided according to different parts such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and muds. Eight different culture mediums were used to isolate culturable bacteria, and 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to identify bacteria and analyze diversity. For cultured bacteria, the antibacterial and enzyme activities of fermented crude extracts were screened with Kirby-Bauer method and spot planting method, respectively. The results were as follows:（1）Based on sequencing results of 16S rRNA gene, a total of 35 culturable bacteria were isolated, belonging to 28 genera and 23 families. Bacillus accounted for 14.3% of the total bacteria, which was the dominant bacteria. Meanwhile, 11 potential new bacterial species were found. （2）Four strains of bacteria showed antibacterial activities, 16 strains had enzyme activities, and Bacillus was the dominant strain in enzyme activities. The above results showed that Guangxi true mangrove plants were rich in bacterial diversity, and some bacteria showed antibacterial activities and enzyme activities. The new bacterial species and active strain had certain development potential in the new antibiotics and enzymes application.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-29 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Plant DUR3 homologous protein is a high affinity urea transporter which belongs to the family of sodium/solute symporter family, and plays an important role in the active absorption of exogenous urea and redistribution of endogenous urea by plants. The purpose of this study was to clarify the existence, structure and evolution situation of cotton DUR3 gene. Based on bioinformatics methods, DUR3 genes were identified from Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium raimondii genomic sequences, and then the gene structure, transmembrane domain, motif location, Three DUR3 genes were identified from the A and D subgroup chromosomes of upland cotton and Gossypium raimondii genomic sequences. These 3 cotton DUR3 homologous proteins, like other plant DUR3 homologous proteins, have 15 transmembrane domains and 3 highly conserved motifs with consistent positions. The gene structure analysis showed that the number of exons of DUR3 genes in dicotyledons was significantly higher than that in monocotyledons, and so were the cotton DUR3 genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the different species DUR3 proteins were classified according to species kinship, and cotton clustered in one branch with dicotyledons. The Ka/Ks values of orthologous and paralogous genes of DUR3 were generally more than 1, indicated that those genes mainly experienced positive selection among evolution. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further research on cotton DUR3 homologous protein.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-11-07 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：姜黄素是一种从姜黄根茎中提取得到的黄色色素，具有抗氧化、抑炎及降血脂等作用。作为一种天然的饲料添加剂，姜黄素在畜牧生产中具有良好的应用前景，有改善畜禽生产性能、提升产品品质、提高免疫力等作用。本文阐述了姜黄素的生理功能及其作用机制，并综述了国内外学者在畜禽生产中应用姜黄素的最新研究成果，以期为姜黄素在畜禽生产中更好地应用提供参考。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮磷水平对育成期崂山奶山羊生长性能、血清生化指标和磷排泄的影响。选择体重为(21.07±0.30) kg的育成期崂山奶山羊公羊30只，采用单因素试验设计，随机分成3组，每组10个重复，每个重复1只羊。各组饲喂能量和蛋白质水平基本一致，磷水平分别为0.25%、0.35%和0.45%的饲粮。试验期105 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期90 d。结果表明：1)饲粮磷水平对育成期崂山奶山羊干物质采食量无显著影响（P>0.05）。饲粮磷水平对7、8、9月龄崂山奶山羊体重及平均日增重均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2)饲粮磷水平对育成期崂山奶山羊血清钙、磷、尿素氮含量及碱性磷酸酶活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3)在采食磷、粪磷、尿磷、磷总排泄量、沉积磷方面，0.45%组极显著高于0.25%组和0.35%组（P<0.01），0.35%组极显著高于0.25%组（P<0.01）。由此可见，饲粮磷水平对育成期崂山奶山羊干物质采食量、体重、血清生化指标均无显著影响，但饲粮磷水平为0.25%时可以显著降低粪磷、尿磷的排泄量，减少环境污染。在本试验条件下，育成期崂山奶山羊公羊饲粮磷水平以0.25%为宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究氨化对油菜秸秆营养成分及山羊瘤胃降解特性的影响。将粉碎的油菜秸秆用30%水和不同比例（10%、15%、20%）碳酸氢铵进行氨化处理，并于处理后7、14和21 d采集样品，与未氨化处理的油菜秸秆(对照)同时进行营养成分分析。然后采用尼龙袋法测定氨化和未氨化处理油菜秸秆的干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的瘤胃降解率。结果表明：氨化后油菜秸秆CP含量增加，粗脂肪（EE）、NDF和ADF含量下降，DM、粗灰分含量基本保持不变。氨化组油菜秸秆DM和CP有效降解率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；15%、20%碳酸氢铵氨化处理油菜秸秆ADF有效降解率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合得出，添加15%和20%碳酸氢铵氨化能显著提高油菜秸秆DM、CP和ADF的山羊瘤胃降解率，油菜秸秆经15%碳酸氢铵、30%水分条件下氨化处理效果最好、最经济。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮能量水平对育成期崂山奶山羊能量利用率的影响。选择体重为(18.43±0.76) kg的崂山奶山羊育成母羊30只，采用单因素随机分组设计分成3组，每组10个重复，每重复1只羊。分别饲喂粗蛋白质、钙及磷水平基本一致，消化能水平分别为10.40、11.47及12.51 MJ/kg的3种全混合日粮。预试期10 d，正试期90 d。结果表明，1）试验后期3组试羊随着饲粮能量水平的提高，总能消化率依次提高，12.51 MJ/kg组试羊的总能消化率、总能代谢率及消化能代谢率显著高于10.40 MJ/kg组（P0.05）。3）育成期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量与代谢体重和平均日增重关系的回归公式：DE=0.675W0.75+0.110ADG（P=0.006，R2=0.982）；ME=0.526W0.75+0.076ADG（P=0.027，R2=0.873）[式中DE为消化能（MJ/d），ME为代谢能（MJ/d），W0.75为代谢体重（kg），ADG为平均日增重（g）]。综合得出，育成期崂山奶山羊母羊饲粮中消化能以11.47～12.51 MJ/kg（干物质基础）较为适宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在建立纯一、稳定的山羊毛囊外根鞘细胞系。活体采集济宁青山羊羔羊背部皮肤，采用机械分离与酶消化相结合的方法，分离外根鞘细胞，培养于含有表皮生长因子（EGF）、类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）和氢化可的松的无血清角质细胞培养液中，置5% CO2浓度的37 ℃培养箱中启动原代培养。待原代细胞长成良好的单层后即可进行传代培养，细胞经传代培养至第8~10代时，更换含EGF、IGF-Ⅰ、bFGF、氢化可的松和FBS的DMEM/F12培养液进行长期培养。选取传至第40代的外根鞘细胞进行生长特性研究与染色体分析。结果表明：体外培养的细胞倍增时间为51.9 h，培养细胞的染色体数仍以2n=60为主，但是出现了非整倍体性染色体特征；免疫细胞化学鉴定结果表明，该细胞系角蛋白19表达呈阳性。结果提示，本试验分离培养的细胞确为由山羊毛囊干细胞分化来的外根鞘细胞，体外培养的山羊毛囊外根鞘细胞系得到了成功建立。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-11 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮磷水平对崂山奶山羊泌乳性能和血清生化指标的影响。选择体重(56.55±1.17) kg、产奶量(2.20±0.07) kg/d、泌乳中期的2胎健康崂山奶山羊30只，采用单因素随机分组设计，随机分成3组，每组10只，每只羊为1个重复。各组饲喂能量和蛋白质水平一致，磷水平分别为0.26%、0.36%及0.46%的饲粮。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）饲粮磷水平对干物质采食量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）0.36%组产奶量全期平均值较高，极显著高于0.26%组、0.46%组（P0.05）；干物质采食量/产奶量、干物质采食量/4%标准乳产量均以0.36%组较低，极显著低于0.46%组（P0.05）。4）饲粮磷水平对血清中钙、磷、尿素氮含量及碱性磷酸酶活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，泌乳期崂山奶山羊饲粮磷水平以0.36%为宜。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-10 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在采用饲养试验、消化代谢试验研究泌乳期崂山奶山羊的能量需要量。选用体重[（53.80±1.62） kg]、产奶量[（1.80±0.19） kg/d]、体况相近并处于泌乳期的2胎健康崂山奶山羊30只，采用单因素随机分组设计，随机分成3组，每组10只，每只羊为1个重复。分别饲喂钙、磷和粗蛋白质水平一致，消化能水平为9.71、10.80及11.61 MJ/kg的3种试验饲粮。进行为期70 d的饲养试验(前10 d为预试期)；饲养试验结束后，每组选择3只羊进行为期17 d的消化代谢试验（前10 d为预试期）。结果表明，1）试验期3组试羊随着饲粮能量水平的提高，总能消化率依次提高，9.71 MJ/kg组试羊的消化能代谢率及甲烷能显著低于10.80及11.61 MJ/kg组（P0.05）；2）泌乳期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量与代谢体重、平均日增重和产奶量关系的回归公式：DE（MJ/d）=0.487W0.75+0.354ADG+6.120M（P=0.028，R2=0.870）；ME（MJ/d）=0.394W0.75+0.312ADG+5.281M（P=0.031，R2=0.873）（DE为消化能，W0.75为代谢体重，ADG为平均日增重，M为产奶量，ME为代谢能）。本试验成功建立了泌乳期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量模型。
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