Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2022-07-05 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to provide a scientific basis for optimum harvest time, the nutrient changes of avocado (Persea americana) fruit during the growth and development were studied. An approach of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, ion exchange chromatography derived after ninhydrin column, reflux extraction, burning and GC-MS technique was applied to determine the contents of mineral elements, ash, amino acids, crude fat, and fatty acid composition in three avocado cultivars (‘HASS’, ‘V3’ and ‘V4’), at different growth and development time from June to December. The results were as follows: (1) Oleic acid was the main oil component in the three avocado cultivars. The contents of crude fat in ‘HASS’ and ‘V4’ fruits increased continuously during the growth and development stages, and reached to the maximum on December, while V3 fruit increased continuously from June to October, but decreased in November and December. (2) All fruits of ‘HASS’, ‘V3’ and ‘V4’ contain 17 kinds of amino acids, including 7 essential (THR, MET, VAL, LEU, ILE, PHE, LYS) for human beings, 2 essential (ARG, HIS) for children, and 8 non-essential (PRO, TYR, CYS, ALA, GLY, GLU, SER, ASP) amino acids. The contents of 17 amino acids in ‘HASS’ and ‘V3’ fruits reached to the peak in November, while ‘V4’ fruits reached to the peak in October. (3) All the ‘HASS’, ‘V3’ and ‘V4’ fruits contain 9 mineral elements of P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Na. Among which, the contents of P, K, Zn, Fe and Na accumulated to the maximum in the later stages of growth (October to December), while the changes for the other four mineral elements were not obvious. (4) The variation of ash contents in the three cultivars of avocado was similar to that of the crude fat. It suggests that the three studied avocado cultivars, ‘HASS’, ‘V3’ and ‘V4’, have met the picking requirements since October and can be optimized the harvest time following fluctuations in demand.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-04-13 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Phyllanthus acidus, an evergreen shrub or tree in Euphorbiaceae, is mainly distributed in Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos, etc. It is also introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna and Yuanjiang areas of Yunnan Province, China. The fruits are edible and the plant has been widely used to treat various diseases, such as hypertension, asthma, diabetes, dermatitis, fever, smallpox, and so on, by the local people of its growing areas. Moreover，the young leaves are utilized as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand, and India. Phytochemical studies yielded sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenes from the roots and stems, and flavonoids as the major chemical constituents from the leaves. Some components showed obvious anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV), antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-hypertensive activities. For example, parts of the norbisabolane sesquiterpenes displayed potential anti HBV activities, with IC50 values of 0.8-36 mol·L-1 against HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV excreted antigen (HBeAg), and the results indicated that the ketal group at C-5 and sugar moieties at C-13 played important roles to the selectivity of HBsAg and HBeAg. This paper reviewed the research progress of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of the plant from 1966 to 2020, in order to provide scientific evidence and reference for its future study, spread, application and development.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-10-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：为探求促进广金钱草萌发及生长的有效途径，该文使用不同浓度的费氏中华根瘤菌、放射型根瘤菌以及田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌菌液分别浸染广金钱草种子，以蒸馏水浸泡种子为空白处理，考察其对广金钱草种子萌发指标（发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数）的影响，温室培养 40、60、80 d 后分别测定广金钱草幼苗的生长指标（叶片数、分枝数、株高）及部分生理指标（叶绿素含量、含氮量）的变化。结果表明：在 1107 CFU‧mL-1 浓度条件下，三种菌液浸种均获得最大萌发指标，其中田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌实验组效果最显著，发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数高于对照组 16.00%、9.33%、9.51 和 41.34%；除田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌实验组外其余实验组的广金钱草幼苗叶片数、分枝数及株高均低于对照组；放射型根瘤菌实验组和田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌实验组幼苗叶绿素含量相比对照组分别增加 1.47%和7.47%，含氮量分别增加了 0.57%和 5.17%。综上所述，三种根瘤菌菌液浸种均可在不同程度上提高广金钱草种子的发芽能力和植株生长期的叶绿素和含氮量，其中田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌具有最大正向影响，可有效提高种子的萌发能力和促进植株生长。本研究可为不同地区广金钱草的种植和栽培提供技术指导，为开发田菁茎瘤固氮根瘤菌作为植物促生长菌剂提供理论支持。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-25 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在利用16S rDNA高通量测序分析技术研究甘露寡糖对奶牛瘤胃菌群结构的影响。选择泌乳阶段相近、胎次相同的泌乳早期奶牛4头，随机分为2组，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组饲喂基础饲粮，同时添加60 g/头甘露寡糖，通过口腔灌注添加。采用2×2交叉试验设计，每期21 d，预试期14 d，采样期7 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，添加甘露寡糖极显著提高了瘤胃液乙酸的浓度（P0.05），普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度降低4.66%（P>0.05），未注释韦荣氏菌属的相对丰度提高143.11%（P>0.05），脱硫弧菌属的相对丰度提高4.88%（P>0.05）。在本试验条件下，添加甘露寡糖降低了瘤胃细菌的多样性，对纤维素降解菌群、半纤维素降解菌群影响明显；促进瘤胃液乙酸浓度显著增加，但对瘤胃液pH无显著影响。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究酵母浸粉对家蚕血淋巴中甘油三酯含量和尿酸代谢的影响。以蚕品种“菁松×皓月”为试验材料，挑选大小一致、发育整齐的家蚕600头，随机分成4个组（每组3个重复，每个重复50头，雌雄各占1/2），从5龄起蚕开始，3个试验组（JM1组、JM2组、JM3组）分别饲喂以1%、2%和4%酵母浸粉溶液涂抹的新鲜桑叶，对照组则以蒸馏水替代酵母浸粉溶液，分别在添食酵母浸粉3、4、5 d后检测家蚕血淋巴中尿酸含量、甘油三酯含量以及黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）活性。结果表明：添食不同浓度酵母浸粉5 d后家蚕体重增长率均较对照组显著升高（P0.05），且随着酵母浸粉浓度的升高，体重增长率呈现下降的趋势。添食不同浓度酵母浸粉5 d后家蚕血淋巴中甘油三酯含量比对照组增加42%～98%，其中JM1组、JM2组与对照组的差异达到显著水平（P0.05）。3个试验组家蚕血淋巴中XOD活性在各时间点均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），但第3、4天家蚕血淋巴中XOD活性随着酵母浸粉浓度的升高均呈现先上升后下降趋势。家蚕血淋巴中尿酸含量与XOD活性之间存在显著或极显著的正相关性（P<0.05或P<0.01），相关系数在0.652～0.902。由此得出，添食一定浓度的酵母浸粉可导致家蚕血淋巴中尿酸含量、甘油三酯含量以及XOD活性升高，从而影响家蚕的尿酸代谢。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验通过评估凡纳滨对虾的生长性能、消化指标和非特异性免疫指标，来研究家禽副产物酶解肽作为蛋白质源替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中部分鱼粉的可行性。以预混家禽副产物酶解肽（在家禽副产物酶解肽基础上添加包膜蛋氨酸，使其蛋氨酸含量与国产鱼粉相当）分别替代基础饲料中0（对照）、2%、4%、6%、8%的鱼粉，共制成5种试验饲料，分别命名为T0、T1、T2、T3、T4。选取900尾平均体重（0.31±0.01） g的凡纳滨对虾，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复60尾，进行为期8周的室内养殖试验。结果表明：家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平为2%～6%时，对虾的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、饲料系数与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。家禽副产物酶解肽替代鱼粉水平超过2%时，全虾粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组（P0.05)。由此得出，在本试验条件下，以生长性能为基础，综合考虑消化、非特异性免疫等指标，家禽副产物酶解肽替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的适宜水平为2%。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-11-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：叶片衰老是植物生长发育的最后阶段，黑暗、干旱和极端温度等会加速叶片衰老过程，严重影响植物的生长发育和作物产量。bHLH（basic helix-loop-helix）属于转录调控因子中的一个大家族，因具有保守性较高的bHLH结构域而得名，广泛存在于真核生物界。本研究在中间锦鸡儿（Caragana intermedia）转录组数据库中，得到一条候选 bHLH基因全长序列，将其命名为CibHLH027。正常和黑暗诱导的情况下，CibHLH027-OE株系较WT相比叶片衰老明显，并且黑暗处理后叶绿素含量下降、离子渗透率增大、细胞膜受损严重，说明CibHLH027参与了叶片衰老调控过程。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-11-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract：叶片衰老是植物生长发育的最后阶段，黑暗、干旱和极端温度等会加速叶片衰老过程，严重影响植物的生长发育和作物产量。bHLH（basic helix-loop-helix）属于转录调控因子中的一个大家族，因具有保守性较高的bHLH结构域而得名，广泛存在于真核生物界。本研究在中间锦鸡儿（Caragana intermedia）转录组数据库中，得到一条候选 bHLH基因全长序列，将其命名为CibHLH027。正常和黑暗诱导的情况下，CibHLH027-OE株系较WT相比叶片衰老明显，并且黑暗处理后叶绿素含量下降、离子渗透率增大、细胞膜受损严重，说明CibHLH027参与了叶片衰老调控过程。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究热激条件下家蚕血液磷酸化蛋白的表达变化，为深入研究其功能提供参考。试验设对照组和热激组，每组选取五龄第3天家蚕幼虫各30头（雌雄各占1/2），在40 ℃条件下分别热激处理0、10 min，然后利用双向电泳、Pro-Q Diamond染色、质谱技术对表达差异的磷酸化蛋白进行研究。结果表明：1）银染图谱30 ku区积累了大量蛋白，经Pro-Q Diamond染色后发现它们属于磷酸化蛋白。2）经过多次取样和质谱鉴定，最终获得了3个30K蛋白，分别是PBMHPC-6、PBMHPC-19和PBMHPC-12。3）热激处理10 min后，3个30K蛋白的表达量与热激处理0 min相比显著上调(P<0.05)。由此得出，五龄家蚕血液富含30K蛋白，它们不仅在脂质运输方面承担着重要的角色，而且很可能参与热激应答。
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment