Subjects: Biology >> Molecular Biology submitted time 2024-05-24
Abstract： Differential and even opposing functions of two major antioxidant transcription factors Nrf1 and Nrf2 (encoded by Nfe2l1 and Nfe2l2, respectively) are determined by distinctions in their tempospatial positioning, topological repartitioning, proteolytic processing, and biochemical modification, as well as in their shared evolutionary origin. As a matter of fact, the allelopathic potentials of Nrf1 and Nrf2 (both resembling two entangled ‘Yin-Yang’ quanta that comply with a dialectic law of the unity of opposites) are fulfilled to coordinately control redox physiological homeostasis so as to be maintained within the presetting thresholds. By putative exponential curves of redox stress and intrinsic anti-redox capability, there is inferable to exist a set point at approaching zero with the ‘Golden Mean’ for the healthy survival (i.e., dubbed the ‘zero theory’). A bulk of the hitherto accumulating evidence demonstrates that the set point of redox homeostasis is dictated selectively by multi-hierarchical threshold settings, in which the living fossil-like Nrf1 acts as a robust indispensable determinon, whereas Nrf2 serves as a versatile chameleon-like master regulon, in governing the redox homeodynamic ranges. This is attributable to the facts that Nrf2 has exerted certain ‘double-edged sword’ effects on life process, whereas Nrf1 executes its essential physiobiological functions, along with unique pathophysiological phenotypes, by integrating its ‘three-in-one’ roles elicited as a specific triplet of direct sensor, transducer and effector within multi-hierarchical stress responsive signaling to redox metabolism and target gene reprogramming. Here, we also critically reviewed redox regulation of physio-pathological functions from the eco-evo-devo perspectives, through those coding rules (redox code, stress-coping code, and topogenetic code). The evolving concepts on stress and redox stress were also further revisited by scientific principles of physics and chemistry, apart from two novel concepts of ‘oncoprotists’ and ‘reverse central dogma’ being introduced in this interdisciplinary and synthetic review.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry Subjects: Biology >> Molecular Biology submitted time 2024-01-25
Abstract： Objective: To explore the possible effects of different sweet taste substances on the body by analyzing the changes of urinary proteome in mice after self-consumption of different sweet taste substances.
Methods: Urine samples of C57BL/6l mice were collected before and after self-consumption of sweet substances, including sucrose, stevia glycosides, acesulfame and sucralose, which are widely used in the world and can cause the preference reaction of mice. Among them, the concentration of non-nutritive sweeteners was selected as the concentration that has been shown to have the strongest preference reaction of mice. Label-free quantitative proteomics using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for analysis. Differential proteins of urine proteome were screened in groups for analysis of protein functions and biological pathways. The urine proteome of single mice before and after self-consumption of sweet substances was compared, and the common differential proteins were counted; and the different sweet substances were compared horizontally.
Results and conclusions: Urine proteome can reflect the body changes of mice after self-consumption of sweet substances. And the effects of different sweet substances on urine proteome were different. Among the four sweet substances, sucralose caused the most similar changes in the body compared with sucrose. Compared with sucrose, stevia glycosides caused the most different changes in the body. The body changes caused by sucrose, acesulfame and sucralose are similar, but the body changes caused by stevia glycoside are different from other sweet substances. After self-consumption of the four sweet substances, the urine proteome differential proteins in mice all had proteins that had been reported to be related to brain reward circuitry, while only the urine proteome differential proteins after self-consumption of sucrose, acesulfame and sucralose were mainly related to metabolic processes. Urine proteomic differential proteins after acesulfame of stevia glycoside were mainly related to nucleosome assembly and gene expression.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry Subjects: Biology >> Molecular Biology submitted time 2024-01-02
Abstract： Objective: Comparison of urine proteome between obese people and normal people.
Methods: Urine samples from obese and normal people were collected and identified by non-label quantitative proteomics using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The difference proteins of urine proteome between obese and normal people were screened for protein function and biological pathway analysis. The urine proteome of obese individuals was compared with that of normal people, and the common differential proteins were counted to analyze the protein function and biological pathways. Reported biomarkers of obesity were searched in the urine proteome of obese individuals.
Results: 38 different proteins can be identified in the urine proteome of obese people compared with normal people, some of which have been reported to be related to metabolism and obesity, and the biological processes of differential proteins are also related to metabolism and other processes. 8 common differential proteins in the urine proteome of obese individuals and normal people, among which some proteins have been reported to be related to metabolism and obesity, and the biological processes of differential proteins are also related to metabolism and other processes. Among the differential proteins in the urine proteome of obese individuals compared with the normal people, the reported obesity biomarkers can be matched.
Conclusions: The urine proteome can distinguish the obese people, and the differential proteins in the urine proteome have key proteins that are known to be related to obesity and metabolism, and the biological processes of differential proteins also related biological processes such as nutrition and metabolism. Urine proteome has the potential to explore the pathogenesis of obesity and provide personalized treatment.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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